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"Chip" can help AI to informatize and mechanize human's thinking process through functions such as perception, transmission, energy supply, thinking and memory.
The human body is the most intelligent and sophisticated blood glucose homeostasis system
What is blood glucose homeostasis? To put it simply, it means that the glucose in the blood flows in and out, and is always in a dynamic balance.
In a normal physiological state, the blood sugar level of the human body is stable at 3.
Glucokinase (GK) integrates the functions of sensing and transmission.
What is Glucokinase (GK)?
Glucokinase (GK) is arguably the "most familiar stranger" to those who have studied biochemistry, as it is a subtype of the hexokinase (HK) family, which is the function of intracellular glucose uptake and A key enzyme that is integral to the utilization process is an important factor in maintaining the gradient concentration required to facilitate the entry of glucose into cells
The unique molecular structure and enzymatic kinetics of GK make it the only HK in the human body that can act as a glucose sensor
GK itself is a monomeric allosteric enzyme, and its molecular structure is similar to a "clip".
Start with the first step and go through every step
Start with the first step and go through every stepGK can mobilize the timely activation of the core regulatory organs of blood sugar and form a blood sugar homeostasis regulatory circuit
GK can mobilize the timely activation of the core regulatory organs of blood sugar and form a blood sugar homeostasis regulatory circuitGK also exists in each of the core glucose-regulating target organs (liver, pancreas and intestine), and is the first key enzyme of glucose metabolism in the core organ of blood glucose regulation .
The first key enzyme of intracellular glucose metabolism in the core organ of blood glucose regulation When GK keenly senses that the glucose concentration reaches the glucose setting point, it converts the glucose signal into the response of each organ, and turns on the subsequent autoregulatory mechanism of glucose
In pancreatic islet β cells, when the blood glucose concentration is higher than 5 mmol/L after glucose intake, GK will be activated to promote insulin secretion; the gradually increased insulin acts on liver cells and promotes the gene expression of GK in liver cells , increasing GK by a sufficient amount for it to work
Meanwhile, in enteroendocrine cells, GK activation initiates glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) secretion as glucose levels increase, and GLP-1 can further promote increased GK activity and insulin secretion in β cells
In addition, studies have found that GK plays a role in the hypothalamus
As the first key enzyme of glucose metabolism in the core organ of blood glucose regulation, GK can organically connect the responses of each core organ, and is the core "core" for the body to maintain the autonomic regulation of blood glucose homeostasis
Repairing GK, remodeling homeostatic autoregulation brings new hope for T2DM treatment
Repairing GK, remodeling homeostatic autoregulation brings new hope for T2DM treatmentConcurrent listening is bright, partial believing is dark, and so is the autonomic regulation of blood glucose homeostasis
The hypoglycemia caused by the decrease of GK function is precisely the key to the pathogenesis of T2DM
The hypoglycemia caused by the decrease of GK function is precisely the key to the pathogenesis of T2DM
