Fujian gathers scientific research strength to empower modern agriculture and break through the bottlenecks and blocking points of agricultural industry development

In Fujian Guangyang Egg Industry Laying Hen Farm, a "cute" looking robot is following a predetermined track, visually inspecting the hens in each row of chicken cages, and the digital platform of egg poultry breeding in the background displays data such as chicken coop temperature, humidity, light, and distribution points of sick and dead chickens
.

"This is the world's first commercial layer hen breeding robot, called 'Mujilang', with its help, a breeder can manage 150,000 chickens, reduce labor costs by more than 50%, and easily realize digital intelligent chicken breeding
.
" The person in charge of Fujian Guangyang Egg Industry Co.
, Ltd.
told reporters
.

"Mujilang" is one of the achievements of Fujian Province's construction of
modern agricultural industrial technology system.
In order to open up the bottlenecks and blocking points of agricultural industry development, in the past three years, Fujian Province has gathered scientific research strength, set up seven provincial-level modern agricultural industrial technology systems of rice, fruits, vegetables, edible fungi, tea, pigs and poultry, and carried out scientific research team building, technical research, demonstration and promotion, etc.
, forming a good momentum
for the vigorous development of characteristic agricultural industries.

The ability of the scientific research team has been newly improved

"Whenever there are pests and diseases, Station Manager Li is always on call, sometimes coming to the field at 5 o'clock in the morning to see our cauliflower
.
" Zhang Chengku, a cauliflower farmer in Tangkou Town, Pingnan County, Ningde City, said that his income has been increasing over the years, and Station Manager Li has made a great
contribution.

Station manager Li in Zhang Chengku's mouth is Li Guanfa
, director of the Pingnan Comprehensive Experimental Extension Station of Fujian Province's modern agricultural vegetable industry technology system.
"When I graduated from agricultural school in 1996, I saw that the villagers had tried hard to cultivate the land, but the harvest was not good
.
I thought I should do something
for agriculture in my hometown.
Li Guanfa told reporters
.

In the early stage, Li Guanfa's work was difficult, the scientific research conditions were poor, the funds were small, and the work was not taken seriously
.
As Fujian Province continues to increase the construction of agricultural scientific research strength, Li Guanfa's scientific research environment has been greatly improved
.
"The manpower has increased, the funds are guaranteed, and the agricultural technology extension is more confident
.
" Li Guanfa said
.

With the efforts of Li Guanfa's team, the yield of cauliflower in Pingnan County has increased from 750 kg to 2,750 kg, the income of the majority of farmers has increased greatly, and the scientific research team has been recognized
by the villagers.

For 7 provincial-level modern agricultural industrial technology systems, Fujian Province implements the chief expert responsibility system, each industrial technology system is set up with 1 chief expert workstation, 2-4 post expert workstations and 5-10 comprehensive experimental extension stations, each workstation (extension station) is composed of
3-4 members.

The Department of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of Fujian Province and the Department of Finance jointly issued the Measures for the Management of Special Funds for the Construction of Modern Agricultural Industrial Technology System (Trial) to provide financial guarantees
for the construction of modern agricultural industrial technology system at the provincial level.
From 2019 to 2021, a total of 66.
85 million yuan of special funds for the provincial system will be arranged, with an annual subsidy of 400,000 yuan for each chief expert workstation, 250,000 yuan for post expert workstations, and 200,000 yuan
for comprehensive experimental promotion stations.

In the past three years, the capacity of the agricultural research team in Fujian Province has been newly improved
.
It has established 7 chief expert workstations, 27 post expert workstations and 63 comprehensive experimental extension stations, with 385 agricultural experts with intermediate and senior professional titles; Establish a work responsibility system of "chief expert + post expert + comprehensive test promotion station manager", formulate a set of work plans every year, and clarify annual work objectives and key tasks
.
According to incomplete statistics, since 2019, 7 system innovation and promotion teams have won 9 awards at or above the provincial level, and 12 individuals have won honors (awards) at or above the provincial level
.

New breakthroughs have been made in key agricultural technologies

27 Ulite parents, 18 Ulite varieties, 108 high-quality new varieties.
.
.
This set of data is the technical results
of Fujian Province in the rice system in the past three years.

Varieties are improved, ushering in a full grain warehouse
.
"In recent years, the innovation of scientific research has improved the quality of good seeds, and farmers' income from growing grain has been more considerable
.
" Zeng Xingxing, director of the National Modern Agricultural Industrial Park Management Committee of Jianning County, Sanming City, said
.

In Sanming City, the breakthrough of seed production technology has effectively promoted the sustainable, healthy and efficient development of
the local seed industry.
After pollination, the father was cut in time, which increased the maternal yield; Technologies such as thin mud seedlings, motherbook printing and sowing, parent machine inserting mother's book live broadcast, and parent book synchronous live broadcast have improved the level of mechanization of seed production; The efficient planting mode of "tobacco-seed" not only improves the economic efficiency of the area, but also solves the contradiction
between "tobacco and seed" competing for land.

A number of new varieties have filled the gap
in the industry.
Through the innovation of excellent tea germplasm hybridization, 3 innovative germplasms of excellent aroma and taste hybridization were identified and screened in the tea system, among which the innovative germplasm "Jin Yuanchun" has been submitted to the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs for the protection of new plant variety rights, filling the gap of the shortage of early, multi-milli and high-aroma tea varieties in Fujian Province.
1,661 new varieties were introduced into the vegetable system, and new varieties of gourd and eggplant were used to fill the gap of special varieties for facilities in Fujian Province; There were 3 new varieties of bisporus mushroom selected and bred in the edible fungus system, among which the new variety of bisporus mushroom "Fu Mushroom 55" had high yield, not easy to brown, and good mushroom quality, which had good market prospects
.

A number of new technologies drive quality improvement
.
The edible fungus system developed the production and rapid detection technology of liquid strains of silver fungus, which solved the problems of uneven ear production caused by the imbalance of the ratio of silver fungus and ash fungus, and produced small pedicles and high yields of fruit bodies of silver fungus.
New breakthroughs have been made in the prevention and control of epidemic diseases in the pig system, and a set of practical new technologies for the prevention and control of African swine fever has been established, which has further ensured the health of pigs and pork food safety.
The tea system has independently developed new technologies for green prevention and control of tea gardens, such as beetle plaster barrier prevention and control technology, which effectively solves the problem of
green prevention and control of diseases and pests.

The way out for agriculture lies in modernization, and the key to agricultural modernization lies in scientific and technological progress, and it is necessary to plug in the wings of science and technology to agriculture
.
A number of key agricultural technologies have made new breakthroughs, Fujian has gradually got rid of the development dilemma of too many people and less land, and vigorously developed modern agriculture with high yield, high quality, high efficiency, ecology and safety, which has provided strong scientific and technological support
for all-round promotion of high-quality development and surpassing of characteristic modern agriculture and helping rural revitalization.

The application of scientific and technological achievements has achieved new results

Purple Ganoderma lucidum, growing in the deep mountains and old forests, is the "fairy grass" of the older generation of people, and it is also the "king of fungi"
handed down by the Fujian population.
Unstable quality, unbeautiful form, and low yield are the dilemma
of the development of purple Ganoderma lucidum industry.
Experts in the technical system of edible fungus industry carried out a large number of experimental studies, and on the basis of experimental maturation, summarized a set of "oxygen control and cleaning" small arch shed quality improvement and efficiency improvement technology, which provided scientific and technological support
for the development of purple Ganoderma lucidum industry.

"Using the 'oxygen control and cleaning' technology, the yield of purple Ganoderma lucidum has reached more than 95%, which is 20% higher than conventional cultivation, and the quality and form remain stable
.
" Zhong Liyi, head of the Wuping Comprehensive Experimental Extension Station of Fujian Province's modern agricultural edible fungus industry technology system, pointed to a purple Ganoderma lucidum standing tall in the wind and said that the scale of new technology application reached 13,000 mu, and the new benefits were 22 million yuan
.

In the past three years, Fujian Province has continuously promoted the application of scientific and technological achievements, and its economic benefits have been significantly improved
.
Through technology integration and demonstration promotion, the tea system has achieved cost saving and efficiency increase by 840 million yuan; the fruit system has accumulated a demonstration and promotion area of more than 4,700 mu, driven by radiation, and increased income by 138 million yuan through the research and development, integrated innovation and demonstration promotion of excellent new fruit varieties and their supporting technologies; and the rice system has promoted high-quality rice and supporting cultivation technology, achieving an increase of 180 yuan per mu and 3.
87 billion
yuan in new economic benefits.

Ecological benefits are constantly being released
.
In the vegetable system, through continuous cropping obstacles, soil improvement, light and simplified substrate cultivation, and the promotion of new pesticides, pesticides and herbicides were reduced by 8.
2%, and the use of chemical fertilizers was reduced by 12.
8%.
The edible fungus system vigorously promotes the resource utilization of agricultural and forestry scraps and fungus residue and the recycling efficiency of waste fungus bags, with a total of 530,000 tons of agricultural and forestry scraps and 320,000 tons of fungus residue, and 2 billion waste fungus bags recycled, realizing low-carbon agricultural production and virtuous cycle; The poultry system promotes the technology of livestock and poultry manure resource utilization, and the manure resource utilization rate and manure treatment facilities and equipment matching rate of the demonstration base have reached 98%, and the product quality qualification rate is 99%.

Social benefits are becoming increasingly prominent
.
Through field open courses, live lectures, on-site observations, technical training, etc.
, each system has improved the production, operation and management capabilities of the majority of agricultural production and management entities and small farmers, and created a series of famous and excellent brands, driving the county's economic development and employment income
.
For example, 26 regional public brands of agricultural products such as "Fujian Xiqing", "Qinfeng Huaishan" and "Fuqing Pepper" and national famous and excellent agricultural products have obtained certification; Youxi United Rice Terrace, Pingnan Longtan and Pucheng Liantan Rice Field Pastoral Tourism Complex have been established, which meet the public's demand for rice field and farming culture, effectively promote the integration of agriculture and tourism, and the public has received a good
response.

According to statistics, in the past three years, a total of 172 new varieties have been selected and bred in seven provincial-level modern agricultural industrial technology systems, 1,787 new varieties have been introduced, 38 new varieties have been approved and approved, 84 new technologies (including facilities and tools) have been developed, 188 varieties and 82 technologies have been promoted, 1,043 technical training courses of various types have been held, and more than 1.
64 million trainees have been trained, promoting the seven characteristic industries to achieve cost saving and efficiency and increasing income of more than 30 billion yuan
.

(Edited by Li Chuang)