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The emergence of photosynthesis was a fundamental step in the evolution of eukaryotes, and therefore of life, as it profoundly altered terrestrial ecosystems
.
Although molecular clocks (a technique used by biologists to determine the temporal distance between two species and their common ancestor) predict that this phenomenon occurred in the Proterozoic (third Precambrian, 2.
Marie Catherine Sforna, a postdoctoral researcher at the Laboratory for Early Traces of Life at ULiège University, has conducted a new scientific study of Congo Basin fossils under the supervision of Professor Emmanuelle Javaux
.
A new method has just been presented using fluorescence and synchrotron X-ray absorption to identify the phototrophic metabolism of the first eukaryotes in the fossil record (related to organisms that derive energy from light)
In collaboration with the Australian National University (Australia), the World Geological Map Commission (France), the Swiss Light Source (Switzerland), the Synchrotron (France), the University of Lille (France), UR FOCUS (Liège) and the Royal Museum of Central Africa (Belgium) Researchers from the University of Liège have discovered nickel-geoporphyrins preserved in situ in the cells of a multicellular eukaryote (Arctacellularia tetragonala), which is approximately 1 billion years old
.
"Our identification of these fragments as chlorophyll derivatives suggests that Arctacellularia tetragonala is a phototrophic eukaryote and one of the first well-defined algae," explains Catherine Sforna
This new method, applied to 1-billion-year-old hypermature rocks, provides new avenues for understanding the evolution of Precambrian eukaryotic phototrophy and the diversification of primary producers in early ecosystems
.
Marie Catherine Sforna, Corentin C.
Loron, Catherine F.
