Experts suggest that "storing grain in grass" should be carried out in Northwest Ecological Construction

Introduction: Ren Jizhou, academician of the Chinese Academy of engineering and chief scientist of the Western grass industry engineering technology center, said in an interview recently that from the perspective of the development trend of China's grain demand, the northwest ecological construction should actively advocate and implement "storing grain in grass", not only retreat the wrongly reclaimed grassland, but also further change part of the grain field into grassland and develop animal husbandry This can not only reduce soil erosion and dust, but also reform agricultural structure and improve production level Ren Jizhou said that "storing grain in grass" is to implement rotation of grass fields and take part of the farmland out to grow grass If it is necessary to increase grain production, as long as appropriate adjustments are made to change part of the grassland into grain fields, grain production can be improved within one year For a long time, Northwest China has paid too much attention to grain planting and neglected grass planting One of the main reasons is that it is worried about food security In fact, from the perspective of China's grain demand in the past 20 years of reform and opening up, great changes have taken place There was a period of sharp increase in grain production from 1978 to 1984, but there was no significant change after 1984 During this period, the per capita consumption of the city decreased from 160 kg / year to 81 kg / year During the same period, the meat production increased from 9.5 kg / year / person to 42 kg / year / person Eggs increased from 2.3kg/year/person to 17.4kg/year/person In fact, the increase of food demand caused by the increase of population has been compensated by the decrease of per capita demand for food In the future, with the increase of urban population, the grain saving will increase correspondingly What's more, the per capita food demand in rural areas is also slowly decreasing due to the change of food composition (more animal products are eaten) Therefore, it can be concluded that China's food security has reached the security line in 1984, but at that time, we did not recognize the turning point of the times in time, or focused on food security and set high strategic goals The first result is that there is too much food in store and a lot of waste Although it is still useless to replace the old grain with new grain every year, so the newspaper called on early rice to feed pigs (which is obviously unreasonable and expedient) to reduce the stock, but it still has a large backlog and mildew Second, the low price of grain, the difficulty of raising farmers' income, and the lack of purchasing power affect the improvement of national consumption level, thus limiting the growth of China's GDP Third, there are too many grain reserves, causing financial burden Small grain producing provinces such as Gansu also spend 1 billion yuan for grain storage every year As for large grain producing provinces such as Jilin, Henan and Hunan, it is estimated that the total cost is more than 50 billion yuan According to experts' estimates, the national burden of grain storage should be between 300 billion and 500 billion yuan According to Ren Jizhou, "storing grain in grass" is a good way to solve the above problems and improve the current ecological deterioration in Northwest China Taking the Loess Plateau as an example, a series of experiments have proved that adding forage (including shrub) to the agricultural system can increase the land use rate by 33%, the utilization rate of precipitation by 14% - 29%, and the biomass by 36% If 20% of the farmland is planted with grass, the grain yield per unit area and the total yield will be significantly increased Our experiment is that the total yield will be increased by 40%, the yield per unit will be increased by 60%, and the fertilizer consumption will be reduced by at least 1/ 3 There is no need to worry about the decline of agricultural productivity while establishing grassland agricultural system and improving ecological environment Even in the normal state, its agricultural output value will increase exponentially If coupled with the system coupling that modern agriculture will take, its increase in production will be considerable At present, the conditions for "storing grain in grass" have been basically met On the one hand, to reduce grain storage, both the farmers and the government have this urgent need The market, as a buffer of wealth, can also adjust whether there is grain between regions and industries On the other hand, the development of animal husbandry not only has a broad prospect of consumption, but also is the urgent need of returning farmland to forest and grass in the western development Our milk consumption is only 1 / 10 of the world average and 1 / 40 of the advanced countries or regions Now a new trend of dairy industry is rising in China If the output of milk is raised to the level of middle to upper level in the world, its output value will exceed the output value of the whole animal husbandry At present, the consumption of animal husbandry products mainly depends on the city Once the countryside becomes rich, the consumption of animal husbandry products still has a broad world In the process of returning farmland to forest and grass in Northwest China, if some cultivated land is mainly used to produce forage, and then introduced into the Hexi Corridor and the North China Plain for refined feed, and introduced into the Qinghai Tibet Plateau and Mongolia plateau for livestock, it will be built into a world-class livestock production base, with a considerable level of production increase, without increasing the burden of resources and finance On this basis, we will further develop the meat and milk food industry, fur industry and feed industry Relying on this three pillar industry system, we can also promote the grass products, biological agents and the machinery, electronics, information and other industries related to animal husbandry, create higher output value and accommodate more employment.