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Enemies Become Allies: Retroviral genes protect the brain from new infections

 Last Update: 2022-10-01
 Source: Internet
 Author: User

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Figure: The RTL6 protein shown in green protects mouse brain capillaries (black branch-like structures) from "infection"
by aggregating around magenta bacterial mimimets.

From the common cold to COVID-19, viruses have had a huge impact on our daily lives, but infections that occurred millions of years ago have influenced our evolution
.

The genes in the study are called 'Gag-class retrotransposons' 5 and 6 (Rtl5/Rtl6), and almost all mammals carry this virus and are similar
to genes in retroviruses such as HIV.

The team set up a pseudoinfection in the brains of mice to test the response
of microglia that produce RTL5 or RTL6 to bacteria or viruses.

These results provide the first example
of a virogenous gene being used to protect the mammalian brain from infection.

Retrovirus-derived RTL5 and RTL6 genes are novel constituents of the innate immune system in the eutherian brain

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