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Source—"Logical Neuroscience" sister public account "Lanhan Life Science" written by Zong Fang Jiao Responsible editor—Fang Yiyi， Edited by Wang Sizhen—Yang Binwei
GABAergic neurons expressing small albumin parvalbumin (referred to as PV neurons ) is the most abundant class of inhibitory neurons in the cerebral cortex [1], through the formation of dense inhibitory synaptic connections with the soma or axon initial segment of surrounding neighboring neurons (mainly glutamatergic pyramidal neurons), and its own electrophysiological characteristics are fast-firing neurons, which can produce powerful and rapid inhibitory effects, playing an important role in maintaining the homeostatic balance of neural networks [2-4]
。 At the same time, PV neurons are closely
related to the pathogenesis and brain function abnormalities of many neurological diseases.
At present, the author's understanding of PV neuronal function regulation lags far behind the author's understanding of its importance, and the author has previously reported the excitability/inhibition of pyramidal neurons in the cortex (E/I ratio) Changes occur over 24 hours, in which synaptic inhibition oscillates significantly and is regulated by sleep [5].
In this regard, the authors study
whether PV neurons have daily dynamic regulation, how it occurs, and the physiological effects produced.
In December 2022, He Kaiwen's research group at the Interdisciplinary Research Center of Biology and Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, was presented at the EMBO Journal The journal published online titled "Circadian time- and sleep-dependent modulation of cortical.
" Parvalbumin-positive inhibitory neurons", which explores this problem
.
In this study, the authors found that PV neurons in the visual cortex were exposed to PV neurons in the visual cortex Rhythmic regulation
occurs in a time- and sleep-dependent manner through synapse-specific cholinergic signaling during dark cycles.
It is mainly reflected in the bidirectional inverting changes of excitatory and inhibitory synaptic transmission of PV neurons within 24 hours.
Experience and sleep are involved in the daily regulation of excitatory and inhibitory synapses of PV neurons, respectively; Acetylcholine Ach mediates the daily regulation
of inhibitory synaptic transmission in PV neurons by targeting presynaptic M1Rs.
And consistent with the synaptic regulation of PV neurons, the in vitro evoked output of PV neurons and spontaneous neural activity in vivo both change at different times of the day, and the functional changes of PV neurons are the same as V1 There is an inverse correlation between spontaneous activity of peripheral pyramidal neurons and dLGN-induced neural activity, as shown in Figure 1
.
Figure 1 Schematic diagram
of synaptic and neural function regulation of PV neurons dependent on sleep and rhythm.
(Source: Zong FJ, et al.
, EMBO J, 2022)
Article conclusion and discussion, inspiration and prospectsIn summary, the study was adopted by the review The issues of whether PV neurons have daily dynamic regulation, how they occur and the physiological effects are discussed, and it is reported that PV neurons in V1 are tightly regulated in a time- and sleep-dependent manner during the natural light/dark cycle
。 ACh and its downstream M1R play a key role
in regulating this regulatory process.
Changes in PV activity in vivo are negatively correlated with the activity patterns of peripheral pyramidal neurons in V1 and dLGN-induced responses, supporting the physiological significance
of this daily regulation.
Thus, the authors' study reveals a new regulatory mechanism in PV neurons, shedding light on
how daily rhythm and sleep alter brain function.
In addition, the authors' findings also provide some mechanistic implications
for neuronal dysfunction in brain diseases such as AD.
Impaired PV neuronal function is thought to be a key abnormality in the AD brain [6,7]</B27 > provide new directions
Original link: https://doi.
org/10.
15252/embj.
2022111304
The Intersection Center of Biology and Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences is the main completion and communication of the study, Professor He Kaiwen of the Center is the corresponding author of this paper, and Zong Fangjiao, a graduate doctoral student in He's research group, is the first author of this paper, which is funded
by the National Natural Science Foundation of China.
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to scan the code to join the logical neuroscience literature learning 2 group remark format: name --Research field-Degree/title/title/positionSelected previous articles【1】Aging Cell | Du Yifeng's team reveals a new mechanism of long-term aerobic exercise against Alzheimer's disease memory decline [2] Nat Hum Behav—Wu Tangchun/Li Liming's team reveals how residents cook for health [3] CRPS—Self-powered speech recognition system developed by Guo Wenxi/Wu Ronghui's research group at Xiamen University for the hearing impaired [4] J Neurosc—the first time! Spatial-temporal development patterns of perinatal thalamic morphology, microstructure and connectivity[5] Cell Rep—Li Fei/Li Weiguang/Zhang Xiaoyong/Mei Bing team proposed classification criteria
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analyzed the design principle of DREADD, a chemical genetic tool based on muscarinic acetylcholine receptors [9] eLife—Chen Shuyi's team first revealed the m6A epitranscriptional regulation mechanism of state transition between neural progenitor cells and glial cells [10] Nature—Shi Songhai's research group revealed a new mechanism that regulates the spatial fine structure arrangement and loop assembly of neurons in the neocortex of the brain, NeuroAI Reading Club[1] NeuroAI Reading Club Launched—Exploring the Frontier Intersection
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Reference (Swipe Up and Down to Read).
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