Dynamic analysis of soybean import and export trade in China

Introduction: first, the net export turns into net import China is one of the world's major soybean producers In the international trade of soybeans, China was once a net exporter in history, and the export volume of soybeans in the highest year once exceeded one million tons In recent years, due to the rapid development of domestic oil processing industry, the gap between production and demand of soybean raw materials continues to widen, so the market area will focus on the international market to balance the demand of oil processing for raw materials by importing soybeans In this way, China's international trade in soybeans began to reverse development from 1995 / 96, from a net exporter to a net importer In the first year, the pure soybean import was only over 300000 tons, and then it showed a leap forward growth year by year In 1999 / 2000, the trend was even more surging, and the import volume of soybean jumped to 10.42 million tons Then, its strong momentum remained unchanged, reaching a peak of 13.24 million tons in 2000 / 2001 The proportion of imported soybeans in the raw material consumption of domestic oil processing industry increased to 70.7% It shows that the status of imported soybean in the domestic soybean consumption is no longer auxiliary, but has become the mainstream; the proportion of China's soybean import in the total international soybean trade has accounted for 25%, which is located in each importing country Second, opportunities and challenges coexist Imported soybeans provide the most direct opportunities for the development of oil processing industry in China's marketing areas Since these enterprises have imported soybean resources, processing raw materials have been guaranteed, production scale has been expanding, the labor resources and equipment potential of enterprises have been effectively exploited, and the price of imported soybean is low, which makes the production cost of enterprises reduce, and provides good conditions for enterprises to increase income In the indirect sense, after the enterprises increase their income, the state profits and taxes will increase, and the state financial revenue will increase accordingly Not only that, after the products of enterprises are put into the market, their social benefits are also considerable In terms of soybean meal, the national oil processing industry produced 14.84 million tons of soybean meal in 2000 / 2001, 8.12 million tons more than three years ago At present, the domestic soybean meal has basically occupied the national soybean meal market, and the imported soybean meal has been excluded, from 4.2 million tons three years ago to 130000 tons The situation of soybean oil is similar to that of soybean meal The domestic production of soybean oil has reached 3.07 million tons, an increase of 1.7 million tons compared with three years ago After the domestic soybean oil occupied the national market, the import of soybean oil has decreased from 1.65 million tons three years ago to 80000 tons At present, domestic soybean meal and soybean oil occupy the market, and the quantity of imported soybean meal and soybean oil is sharply reduced, which has saved a lot of foreign exchange for the country If we can do a better job in the article of imported soybeans, and push the soybean meal and oil produced after processing of imported soybeans to the international market in the future, the imported soybeans will certainly make greater contribution to the national profits, taxes and foreign exchange income With the advantages of high quality and low price, imported soybeans are flooding in, which makes soybean producing areas face a severe challenge In the past, eight merchants gathered in Heilongjiang soybean production area to rush to buy soybeans one after another Grain and oil business units were too busy to deal with them After the farmers completed the order task, the surplus soybeans were also out of hand very quickly Soybeans were the highest in the income of various grain varieties, and the farmers' enthusiasm for planting soybeans was also very high However, since a large number of imported soybeans have poured into the domestic market, the purchasing power of the sales area has shifted to imported soybeans, and the soybean market in the production area has quickly turned from strong to weak, "the emperor's daughter is not worried about marriage" has become the former glory Grain and oil business units are no longer full of merchants, but gradually showing depression and indifference The price of soybeans has been declining all the way After the new soybeans are listed, the purchase price of rural soybeans is often pressed below the order price level, and the income of farmers' soybeans is greatly reduced However, the surplus beans in the hands of farmers are still difficult to sell, and a large number of surplus beans remain in the hands of farmers after the new grain goes on the market, and their enthusiasm for planting soybeans is hurt The above grim facts show to the people in the soybean producing areas: we must act quickly to meet the challenges, and can't wait for the market price to rebound to reappear the situation of soybean winning The fundamental way out is to follow the economic law, according to the market value law, readjust the management strategy and open up a new way For producers, we should guide them to adjust their planting structure based on the market At the same time, we should organize science and technology to go to the countryside, guide farmers to adopt excellent varieties and advanced farming methods, help them increase the output of soybean, improve the quality of soybean, reduce production costs, and constantly enhance the competitiveness of products in the market economy (author:) share to feed Weibo share to: