Virus DNA sequencing to develop next-generation cancer vaccines

Usually, 98% of cervical cancer is caused by human papillomavirus (HPV), while HPV vaccine can prevent HPV infection, and reduce the incidence rate of cervical cancer by about 71% In addition, research shows that about 20% - 40% of human cancers are caused by bacteria and viruses It is of far-reaching significance to know and identify which bacteria and viruses can cause cancer The researchers analyzed 2600 genomes and 38 tissue samples of different tumor types, and the results were published in the journal Nature Genetics The research results help to adjust the treatment plan of cancer patients in time and develop more cancer prevention vaccines DOI: 10.1038/s41588-019-0558-9 The results showed that 13% of the samples showed signs of virus existence at the time of sampling At the same time, there were 23 different virus traces in 356 cancer patients The four most common viruses were Epstein Barr virus, hepatitis B virus, human herpesvirus 6B and HPV At the same time, the researchers also learned about the information that the virus promotes the growth of cancer cells For example, in tumors containing HPV and Epstein Barr virus, they usually found that their carcinogenic DNA is missing The researchers speculate that the virus will provide certain substances needed for cancer, prevent defective cells from committing suicide, and encourage them to proliferate rapidly to form tumors In addition, the virus will change the genome of cervical cancer and bladder cancer, which will lead to DNA damage and repair mechanism defects in human cells, and then lead to tumors This is the first systematic study of most types of cancer caused by viruses Understanding the link between infection and cancer types will help develop vaccines that can prevent other cancers, which will undoubtedly open up a new perspective for reducing the global impact of cancer reference material: