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If you are now asked to imagine the internal structure of cells, your first reaction may be the color drawings given by high school biology textbooks.
But the complex structure inside the cell far exceeds the scene described by these examples, and even the subcellular structure we don't know may be more than what is known
▲The internal cell diagram and the new concept cell internal diagram in the textbook (Image source: OpenStax/Wikimedia & UC San Diego Health Sciences)
At present, there are two main ways to see the details of the inside of cells: fluorescence microscopy imaging and biophysical connection, the former is by attaching fluorescent markers to the protein, and then observing the position and connection of the protein under the microscope
The two methods respectively produced a database that includes a large number of cell details-Human Protein Atlas (HPA) and BioPlex, but they have their own differences
How to combine the advantages of the two and solve the differences at different levels to show more details?
The answer given by the new research in Nature is to use AI.
Since the data of HPA and Bio Plex are partly obtained based on the human kidney cell line HEK293, the study chose to use the data of this cell line to test the function of AI
▲Different protein communities given by the new research according to the protein distance level (picture source: reference [2])
For example, AI placed a pre-catalyzed spliceosome in the 48 nm protein community by analyzing two parts of the database.
▲The predicted protein unit is almost the same as the actual one (picture source: reference [2])
In addition, of the nearly 70 protein communities found by AI, almost half of them have never been discovered before.
The root cause of many diseases is the functional disorder inside the cell.
MuSIC does not currently analyze the specific location of each protein, because their location may be fluid
Note: The original text has been deleted
Reference materials:
[1] We might not know half of what's in our cells, new AI technique reveals.
