Deep interpretation! How special intestinal flora metabolizes cholesterol and thus affects the overall health of the host body!

, June 28, 2020 /
PRNewswire/ -- Of the thousands of bacteria that live in the body's digestive tract, scientists know only a fewbacteriadirectly affect human health, a recent report published in the international journalCell Host and Microbe In a joint study published inentitled "Metaboli Cholesterolsm by Unculture Human Gut Bacteria Bacteria Influences Host Cholesterol Level", scientists from the MIT Broad Institute and Harvard University have found a particular group of intestinal flora that can metabolize enough cholesterol to potentially affect the metabolism of the human bodyresearchers say that people who carry these particular gut microflora have lower blood cholesterol levels than those who don't, and the findings may explain why some people consume more cholesterol in their diet, but this has little effect on their blood cholesterol levels, suggesting that increasing levels of these special bacteria through diet, probiotics or other treatments may hopefully help lower cholesterol levels in the future as an effective treatmentPhoto Credit Susanna Hamilton,Broad CommunicationsResearcher DrRamnik Xavier said the study could provide a roadmap to help us manipulate the body's metabolism and affect human health using the genes and enzymes of microorganisms, and the study could provide evidence to reveal the mysteries of the microbiome and explain why different individual bodies have different cholesterol levelsThe idea that bacteria can metabolize cholesterol is not a new idea, and as early as the early 20th century, scientists discovered a special bacterium that converts cholesterol into compounds called fecal sterols, and since then researchers have found bacteria that produce fecal sterols in rats, moles, pigs and even human bodies, but little is known about theof thesebacterialead author Douglas Kenny said: 'We've long known that certain gut flora can produce fecal sterols through cholesterol, but we don't know exactly which of these bacteria can play this role and how they convert cholesterol into fecal sterols, so researchers want to study the association between these bacteria and cholesterol levels in the blood, but it's very difficult to isolate and culture the bacteria that metabolize cholesterol in the lab, and so far many
of thebacteria in the human microbiome group are difficult to grow.'then analyzed a large database of microbiomes to find genes that could be involved in cholesterol metabolism, and the researchers analyzed gut microbiomes from 3,097 individual organisms in the United States and sequenced about 6 million microbial genes in those microbiomes, 625 of which included information on fecal sterols found in the fecesThe researchers began looking for specificbacteriagenes that exist only in people that secrete fecal sterols, similar to the coding enzymes that perform similar functions to cholesterol metabolism, which could help scientists find four genes associated with breaking down cholesterolin addition,, the researchers genetically modified the bacteria in the lab to produce the four specific enzymes (the enzymes produced by the four genes encoded above), and finally locked in a gene called IsmA, which metabolizes cholesterol, and
found that the IsmA gene was found inbacterialassociated with a small number of microbiomes'Once we know the gene, we want to go back and study humans and try to clarify the difference between the people in the microbiome who carry it and those who don't,' Kenny saidresearchers found that people in the microbiological group carrying the IsmA gene had 55-75% lower levels of cholesterol in body faeces than those who did not, and that the average blood cholesterol level in the population carrying the gene was 0.15mmol/L (2.7mg/dL), which Lower than people in the microbiome who don't carry copies of the IsmA gene; perhaps more affectthet strain on the average blood cholesterol of human genes such as HMGCR and PCSK9, which are known to alter the risk of high cholesterol levels in the human body, and are targeted by some cholesterol drugsFDAapprovedThe researchers are pleased that there is a close link between the specific genes and microorganisms they have found and the metabolic and cholesterol levels of the human bodyresearchers are currently trying to isolate the of human-related bacteria carrying the IsmA gene, and they want to know if fecal sterols have an impact on human health, but the findings confirm the idea that a person's microbiome composition affects the body's metabolic health The researchers' ultimate long-term goal is to know if this faecal sterol pathway really directly affects the body's low cholesterol levels, and if so, later researchers may continue to study it in depth, based on the microbiome, to develop effective cholesterol-lowering interventions (BioValleyBioon.com) References: 1: -Sb -busting gut skeel-guy mesa people's's cardiac health
2 Douglas J Kenny, Damian R Plichta, Shungin Shungin, et al , , Cell Host and Microbe (2020) doi: 10.1016/j.chom.2020.05.013 .