COVID-19 || Effects on tumor treatment and research

The COVID-19 pandemic has affected almost every aspect of cancer treatment and research, from giving patients new risks to disrupting treatment and research continuity, according to reports by the Dana-Farber Cancer Institute.
COVID-19 complicates the treatment of cancer patients, it also inspires innovative solutions to the challenges of clinical care.
research on the causes of increased risk in cancer patients (Cancer Cell. 2020 doi: 10.1016/j.ccell.2020.09.018) is progressing very rapidly.
many areas of understanding of the interaction between cancer and COVID-19, in order to clarify the doctor's understanding of the interrelation between the two diseases and make recommendations accordingly.
the review summarizes four areas of research: the biological link between cancer and COVID-19, the role of the pandemic in promoting medical changes in patients, the impact of the pandemic on cancer research, and insights on cancer research that can be used for COVID-19 treatment.
COVID-19 and cancer biology can be particularly severe in cancer patients.
this may be because many patients have weak immune systems, or because of the cancer itself, or because of treatments, and are therefore less resistant to new coronavirus infections.
studies have looked at whether systemic anti-cancer treatments, such as chemotherapy and targeted therapy, increased COVID-19 susceptivity in patients.
but the results have been mixed, possibly because they focus on systemic therapy rather than on specific drugs.
most dangerous outcome of COVID-19 is an aggressive immune response called a cytokine storm that damages lung tissue and other tissues.
Cancer patients receiving immunostature therapy, such as immunosuppressant inhibitors, CAR-T cell therapy, and bis specific T-cell chilay therapy (BiTE), are at risk of complications if the immune responses produced by these therapies attack normal healthy tissue;
have speculated that COVID-19 may exacerbate cytokine release syndrome in some immunotherapy patients, but studies have not made it clear that this is happening.
coVID-19 and cancer medicine worldwide, efforts to curb the spread of COVID-19 include measures to reduce face-to-face communication between patients and doctors.
is the dramatic increase in the use of telemedicthing.
studies have shown that telemedicme can be as effective as face-to-face communication.
study involving breast cancer patients found that telemedicme was associated with a higher quality of life and less depression/pain than conventional care.
However, while such virtual medicine can provide benefits such as not having to go to the doctor or bear the costs and inconveniences associated with transportation, it is valuable only if they do not replace the patient's personal involvement in examination, treatment or diagnosis.
important to note that it is also important to consider the unintended consequences of the widespread use of technology.
the enforcement of telemedic services can seriously exacerbate the potential risks of health disparities among patients with different socio-economic status.
the number of cancer diagnoses and screenings fell sharply during the peak of the pandemic.
study found that routine check-ups decreased by 85% to 90%.
delays in cancer diagnosis can have long-term ripple effects.
uk study estimates that cancer mortality may increase by 4 to 17 per cent five years after a pandemic, depending on the type of tumour, due to delays in diagnosis.
COVID-19 and cancer research to limit the spread of the virus, many research centers have developed policies to limit the number of laboratory personnel working on site and have shelved many studies.
, government-funded research projects have not been affected by the outbreak, but some private charities are facing funding gaps.
COVID-19 significantly reduced donations to cancer charities.
, for example, the American Cancer Society expects funding to fall by $200 million this year and cannot accept requests for research grants for the fall funding cycle.
clinical cancer research has also encountered difficulties due to the emergence of COVID-19.
at the height of the outbreak, some cancer centers stopped registering clinical trials entirely.
a March survey of dozens of clinical researchers found that nearly 60 percent of respondents stopped screening and/or registering for certain trials, and half of their organizations stopped sampling blood and other tissues for research purposes.
these challenges, the researchers found several ways to adapt to the tight environment so that the experiment could proceed.
these methods include the use of telemedicology to restrict in-person visits, the use of electronic signatures as test documents, the delivery of oral drugs to test participants rather than requiring them to receive them at the clinic, and the allowing laboratory testing in external laboratories.
some of the regulatory requirements related to clinical research have been relaxed so as not to compromise patient safety.
researchers believe this is an add-on that could be used as part of future clinical studies to reduce trial costs and promote new treatments for patients.
coVID-19 and warnings from cancer are surprising that some promising COVID-19 treatments come from cancer research.
although cancer and COVID-19 are fundamentally different in origin, development and impact on the human body, some insights gained from decades of cancer research are showing a correlation with the fight against the new coronavirus.
is currently evaluating the efficacy of various drugs used to alleviate cytokine release syndrome in cancer patients for cytokine storms in COVID-19 patients.
other anti-tumor drugs are being studied to determine their potential value for COVID-19.
Acalabrutinib, which treats lymphoma, is an example.
trial, it led to a rapid improvement in oxygen demand and a significant drop in inflammation levels in patients with COVID-19.
potential link between cancer and COVID-19 involves a protein called TMPRSS2.
when inhaling the coronavirus, it binds to lung cells and is split by TMPRSS2 to allow it to enter and infect cells.
that in prostate cancer, TMPRSS2 is regulated by androgens.
androgens are present not only in prostate cells, but also in lung cells.
it is not clear whether the subject regulates TMPRSS2 in lung tissue, but if it does, it could open the way for the treatment of new coronary pneumonia.
androgen-targeted therapy already used to treat prostate cancer can stop TMPRSS2 from entering lung cells and prevent COVID-19 from reaching the source.
since the pandemic began, there has been a wealth of evidence of a dynamic relationship between cancer and COVID-19, according to researchers.
this retrospective study gives them an opportunity to take a step back and assess what they have learned -- to understand the most promising direction for patients and where more research is needed.
patients may be concerned about the increased risk of COVID-19 in cancer treatment, cancer treatment should not be abandoned.
cancer treatment can extend life expectancy and even cure disease in many cases.
it is important to be clear about the purpose of treatment and to discuss the risks and benefits of treatment with your doctor about your specific situation.
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