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Legumes constitute one of the most important global groups of agricultural species, providing a major source of protein and oil for humans and animals as well as fixing nitrogen and improving the fertility of soils. Gene technology can assist plant improvement efforts in clovers (
Trifolium
spp.), aiming to improve forage quality, yield, and adaptation to biotic and abiotic stresses. An efficient and reproducible protocol for
Agrobacterium
-mediated transformation of a range of Trifolium species, using cotyledonary explants and different selectable marker genes, is described. The protocol is robust and allows for genotype-independent transformation of clovers. Stable meiotic transmission of transgenes has been demonstrated for selected transgenic clovers carrying single T-
DNA
inserts recovered from
Agrobacterium
-mediated transformation. This methodology can also be successfully used for ‘isogenic transformation’ in clovers: the generation of otherwise identical plants with and without the transgene from the two cotyledons of a single seed.