Clinical Essentials . . . Summary of the principles of radiation therapy.

Radiotherapy is an important part of the three treatment modes of tumor treatment. The quality of radiotherapy directly affects the prognosis of patients.therefore, every radiotherapy decision needs careful planning and careful preparation from the aspects of selection, design, implementation, evaluation and completion.for all patients who need radiotherapy, it is the first step to strictly master the basic principles of radiotherapy. If there is any mistake, it will cause irreparable consequences. Therefore, this paper summarizes the basic principles of radiotherapy from the clinical point of view.Author: Qin Ziqing, this article is authorized by the author to release yimaitong. Please do not reprint without authorization.treatment principle01 clear diagnosis and comprehensive evaluation must be made before the start of radiotherapy. Pathological gold standard results must be performed for pathological ones. Otherwise, the consequences caused by misdiagnosis will affect the choice of treatment methods and the determination of radiotherapy dose.although such errors rarely occur in clinic, the news that non neoplastic diseases are treated as tumors for radiotherapy does not exist.in addition, the indications and plans of radiotherapy for different types of cancer are also different. Whether the lesion is metastatic, the degree of metastasis and diffusion, the staging and grading, the patient's tolerance and even the patient's economic burden, and the estimation of survival and prognosis benefit after radiotherapy should be taken into consideration in the decision-making.according to the clinical symptoms and signs, comprehensive examination, especially tumor markers and imaging data, can be used for radiotherapy only after the clinical diagnosis of malignant tumor meets the radiotherapy indications.02 attach importance to the first course of treatment and choose the optimal decision-making plan. Generally, the first course of radiotherapy fails, and the effect of re radiotherapy is often poor, and the adverse reactions are significantly increased, and even can not tolerate the second course of radiotherapy.therefore, in the first stage of treatment, we should carefully consider the comprehensive treatment plan and the specific implementation plan of radiotherapy according to the specific conditions, and strive to achieve the best treatment effect and quality of life.after the treatment plan is determined, it is necessary to strictly follow the plan. The nonstandard first course treatment will reduce the prognosis expectation of patients.in addition, it is worth mentioning that sometimes doctors do not fully convey the importance of this information to patients to let them know. Sometimes, patients may fail to comply with the doctor's advice due to some external factors such as economy and strong adverse reactions, which not only affects the treatment effect, but also interferes with the follow-up arrangements.03 individualized treatment, optimize the treatment plan of patients, a good chemotherapy scheme must be in line with the maximum interests of patients, on the basis of the guidelines and combined with the actual situation of patients to adjust, the design of chemotherapy programs should conform to the principle of physical dosimetry, and strictly control the dose and target range.at the same time, when necessary, fully communicate with the clinical physician in charge of the patient. Especially for patients with adjuvant radiotherapy, they should discuss with the surgeon in advance, and closely cooperate and connect with the surgical treatment plan.04 appropriate adjuvant therapy can improve the state of patients, enhance the curative effect of patients, and control the basic diseases or complications of patients before radiotherapy, such as infection, verification, anemia, function and even adjuvant psychotherapy, etc., can increase the curative effect, tolerance and compliance of patients.in addition, the complications during radiotherapy should also be actively treated, such as skin reaction, mucosal reaction, radiation encephalopathy, pneumonia, organ damage, etc., so as to ensure the maximum benefit of chemotherapy and reduce the adverse effects of radiotherapy on patients.