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| Chinese scholars’ new discoveries reveal the scientific mechanism of mammals’ "shock" |
Xinhua News Agency, Hefei, November 7 (Reporter Xu Haitao) For mammals including humans, sudden sound or tactile stimuli can instantly induce startle reflex, commonly known as "shock
.
" Recently, the research group of Professor Xiong Wei of the University of Science and Technology of China found that the neural circuit of the cochlear nucleus-the caudal reticular nucleus of the pontine-spinal cord motor neurons plays an important role in the "shock" response of mammals
The startle reflex exists in the entire life cycle of mammals.
Its production can urgently mobilize multiple muscle contractions in the body, protect vulnerable parts such as the eyes and back of the neck, and also provide further defensive responses such as avoidance and escape.
Be prepared
.
The startle reflex is an important instinctive defensive behavior, but the basic neural circuits that control the startle reflex are still unclear
The research of Professor Xiong Wei's group found that when sound induces the startle reflex, glutamatergic neurons located in the reticular nucleus of the pontine caudal side of the brainstem of mammals are activated in large numbers
.
Using optogenetic and chemical genetic methods, the researchers found that specific "activated neurons" can induce bounce performance in mice, and the muscles of the neck and hind limbs can also simultaneously record myoelectric activity, which is a typical startle reflex behavior
Subsequently, the research team found that glutamatergic neurons directly receive excitatory projections from the cochlear nucleus and have direct synaptic connections with spinal cord motor neurons through virus tracing
.
Their further experimental results showed that after receiving input from the cochlear nucleus, glutamatergic neurons project directly to spinal cord motor neurons, and finally complete the control of the neck and limb muscles
A few days ago, the international authoritative academic journal "Nature·Communication" published the research paper
