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Transposon (transposon) was first discovered in corn by American geneticist Barbara McClintock, and it is widely distributed in the genomes of bacteria, viruses, and eukaryotes
The RNA-guided DNA methylation (RdDM) pathway is an important pathway for the methylation of the genome of higher plants
Pol IV and Pol V are the fourth and fifth multi-subunit RNA polymerases of eukaryotes.
Recently, Zhang Yu's research team, Wang Jiawei's research team, and Zhejiang University Feng Yu's team from the Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Science of the Chinese Academy of Sciences have worked together to analyze the structure of plant Pol IV for the first time, revealing the assembly of two RNA polymerases of plant Pol IV-RDR2 Unique complex structure, and proposes that Pol IV-RDR2 uses the internal transfer mechanism of the substrate to realize the synthesis of double-stranded RNA using double-stranded DNA as a template
This research overcomes the bottleneck of the preparation of low-abundance super-large protein complexes.
Studies have found that the three-dimensional structure supports the evolution of Pol IV from Pol II.
The most significant finding of this study is that Pol IV and RDR2 form a stable complex, and the catalytic centers of these two polymerases are connected by an internal channel, and the single-stranded RNA synthesized by Pol IV using double-stranded DNA as a template passes through This internal channel is directly passed to RDR2, so that RDR2 can use this single-stranded RNA as a template to output double-stranded RNA
This study revealed for the first time the three-dimensional structure of the fourth multi-subunit RNA polymerase in eukaryotes, elucidated the unique molecular mechanism of two RNA polymerases Pol IV and RDR2 cooperative transcription, and answered how double-stranded RNA is synthesized in the RdDM pathway Scientific issues
The related results were titled Pol IV and RDR2: A two-RNA-polymerase machine that produces double-stranded RNA, and were published in Science on December 24
