Cell: The central nervous system edema (swelling of the brain or spinal cord) is saved!

Introduction: Swelling of the brain or spinal cord (known as central nervous system edema) is the result of increased water content of the central nervous system, which can occur after trauma, infection, tumor growth or blocked blood supply, and traumatic injury and stroke are the main causes of edema of the central nervous system; According to a study published May 14 in the journal Cell, targeted water channel protein-4 subcellular positioning is expected to treat edema in the central nervous systemscientists have found a new treatment that could significantly reduce swelling after brain and spinal cord injuries, giving hope to the 75 million patients worldwide with brain and spinal cord injuries each yeara breakthrough in the treatment of this trauma, known as central nervous system (CNS) edema, is considered important because the current option is limited to putting patients in induced coma or performing dangerous surgeryBrain and spinal cord injuries affect all age groups, with older people at greater risk of stroke or falls, and for young people, the main causes include road traffic accidents, as well as injuries from football, American football and other contact sportshigh-profile example of Formula One driver Michael Schumacher proves that doctors still have difficulties in treating such injuriesIn 2013, Schumacher fell while skiing in Switzerland, hitting his head against a rock, and then his brain swelled as hydrocephalus rushed into infected cellsHe spent six months in a drug-induced coma and underwent complex surgery, but his recovery continues to this daythe new treatment was developed by a team of international scientists from Aston University (UK), Harvard Medical School (USA), University of Birmingham (UK), University of Calgary (Canada), Lund University (Sweden), University of Copenhagen (Denmark) and the University of Wolverhampton (UK) and published in the latest issue of the scientific journal CellThe researchers used a licensed anti-psychotropic drug, the anti-psychostimulant sofore (TFP), to alter the behavior of tiny water holes in water channel protein cellstested for treatment of injured rats, the researchers found that the rats regained full movement and sensitivity within 2 weeks after giving a single dose of the drug at the site of the rat's injury, while the rats in the control group who did not give the drug showed movement and sensory impairment after six weeks of injuryThe effect of this therapy is to counteract the normal response of cells to hypoxia in the central nervous system caused by traumaIn this state, cells quickly become "saltier" due to the build-up of ions, causing a stream of water to flow through the water channel, causing the cells to swell and exert pressure on the skull and spineThis build-up of stress damages fragile brain and spinal tissue, disrupts the flow of electrical signals from the brain to the body, and vice versabut researchers have found that trifluorolarin can prevent this from happeningThe researchers focused their research on important star-shaped brain and spinal cord cells, called astrocytes, and found that trifluorarigin prevents a protein called calcitonin from binding to water channel proteinNormally, this binding allows the water channel protein to shoot into the cell surface, allowing more water to enter the cell By stopping this reaction, the cell's permeability decreases , but also traditionally, trifluoroquinas have been used to treat patients with schizophrenia and other mental health conditions, and long-term use can be accompanied by side effects, but the researchers say their experiments suggest that a single dose may have a significant long-term effect on patients with central nervous system edema trifluorariginhashashashashashashas has been approved by the U.S Federal Drug Administration (FDA) and the National Institutes of Health and Care (NICE) for use in humans as a quick treatment for brain damage But the researchers also stressed that they could further develop new, good drugs based on their understanding of the properties of trifluorarigine the World Health Organization says about 60 million people suffer brain or spinal cord injuries each year, and another 15 million suffer strokes These injuries can be fatal and can lead to long-term disability, mental disorders, substance abuse or self-harm Dr Roslyn Bill, 's research team on biological sciences at Aston University, said: "Every year millions of people of all ages suffer brain and spinal cord injuries, whether it's falls, accidents, road traffic crashes, sports injuries or strokes To date, their treatment principles remain very limited and in many cases the risk is high "These findings are based on a new understanding of how cells work at the molecular level, giving hope to injured patients and doctors," said Bill, a Using a drug that has been approved for human use, the researchers say we have shown how we can stop swelling and pressure build-up in the central nervous system, which is the cause of long-term injury While further research will help us refine our understanding, it is exciting that doctors will soon have an effective, non-invasive approach to helping patients with brain and spinal cord injuries "This is a major advance in the current treatment, which only treats symptoms of brain and spinal cord injury, but does little to prevent neurological disorders that are usually caused by swelling," said Zubair Ahmed, of the Institute of Inflammation and Aging at the University of Birmingham, This redesigned drug provides a real solution for these patients and can be accelerated for clinical use Dr Alex Conner, of the Institute of Clinical Sciences at the University of Birmingham, , said: "It is amazing that our work on tiny water passages in the brain can tell us something about traumatic brain injury that affects millions of people each year "This novel treatment offers hope and great therapeutic potential for patients with central nervous system damage," said Mootaz Salman, a researcher in cell biology at Harvard Medical School Our results suggest that in the near future, it can be put into clinical application at reduced costs "