Cell sub-journal interpretation! Scientists have successfully revealed the molecular mechanisms of brain memory formation!

October 21, 2020 // -- Imagine a cafe you've never been to, and you'll remember the new environment, but when you go to this cafe again and again, it's rare to create new memories in your brain, and only changes will really make you memorable, and researchers don't know the molecular mechanisms by which long-term memories are regulated, according to a recent report in the international journalCurrent. In Biology's study, entitled "Ventro-dorsal Hippocampal Pathway Gates Novelty-Induced Contextual Memory Formation", scientists from the Austrian Academy of Science and Technology and others used their research to uncover a new cornerstone of memory formation, in which researchers studied special signaling pathways in the hippocampus regions of the brain and revealed how the pathways control new memories formed when the body experiences a new environment.
The sea mass is the central region of the brain that plays a key role in transferring information from short-term memories to long-term memory, and in many of the interleazed parts of the body, researchers focused on the interconnectedness of mossy cells, which can receive new signals about the environment and the sensations of so-called granulocytes, one of the first affected parts of the brain in diseases such as Alzheimer's disease.
Photo Source: In the Ryuichi Shigemoto paper, the scientists used four different methods to conduct the study, first by placing the sea mass under a microscope to study what structure promotes mossy cells to connect to particle cells, thus revealing many complex associations; It glows, and when animals are exposed to a new environment for a few days, the activity of the signals sent by moss cells to particle cells rises high first, then becomes lower, and when researchers place mice in a new environment, the signal activity begins to increase, suggesting that these neurons may have a special association with the input of the new environmental signals.
Then the researchers tracked traces of specific signals in neurons, where nerve activity induces the expression of specific genes, which means that the corresponding encoded proteins are produced, and the more active they are, the more proteins they produce, and in granular cells, the researchers found that the protein is produced at each stage or directly related to the activity of moss cells.
The researchers used behavioral studies to observe the effects of signaling pathlines in the hema on brain memory formation, which is particularly important because it sheds light on the association between memory formation and body behavior or tells us about many brain functions, and the researchers placed animal models in a new environment and used a negative sensory stimulus, after which mice quickly learned to associate new environments with unpleasant sensations, and the researchers measured negative reactions in new environments in mice.
When the researchers used drugs to inhibit the activity of moss cells (receiving signals from the new environment), they negatively regulated them, and found that mice did not remember the link between the new environment and unpleasant feelings, and when the mice first got used to the new environment and adjusted to the condition, the body did not activate the moss cells, and the researchers did not find a link between the environment and the impact on the mice.
On the other hand, if moss cells are artificially activated, the association will still form even if the mice have adapted to the new environment, which may shed light on how moss cells in the sea mass react to new input signals and induce the mouse body to produce new long-term memories.
So whether exactly the same process exists in the human brain is still a question for scientists, but current research may be the most important step in helping to understand the function of this part of the most complex organ, the brain, which researchers believe could one day uncover the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative brain diseases that affect brain memory, but it may take some time.
researchers say that research in this area is intense, and new discoveries are emerging, there is a lot of controversy about the formation of new memories, and the findings of this paper confirm an existing hypothesis, thus laying a foundation for later scientists to conduct more in-depth research in the field of neuroscience and in-depth understanding of the function of the brain.
Only by studying the brain function of animals performing specific behaviors may it be necessary to understand how the brain stores and processes information, and there is currently no alternative to introphy or silicon models as an alternative to research;
() References: Felipe Fredes, Maria Alejandra Silva, Peter Koppensteiner, et al. Ventro-dorsal Hippocampal Pathway Gates Novelty-Induced Contextual Memory Formation. Current Biology. Published: October 15, 2020. DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2020.09.074 (2) Remembering novelty: Researchers work to better understand process of memoryby Institute of Science and Technology Austria