Cell Stem Cell: Deep Anatomy! Scientists have developed the first cell roadmap for the development of human skeletal muscles!

May 25, 2020 /PRNewswire
BIOON/ -- In a recent study published in the international journal
cell StemCell, the university of California, Los Angeles, and others developed the first road map that clearly reveals the mechanisms of human skeletal muscle development, including the mechanisms of musclestem cellformationcurrently researchers do not know the trajectory of human skeletal muscle and the transition between progenitor andstem cellstates, the researchers used single-cell RNA sequencing to conduct an in-depth analysis of human skeletal muscle tissue in embryos, fetuses and postnatal stages, identifying myogen cells and other types of cells in silicon wafer material, and constructing a single type of cell In a similar way, the researchers analyzed heterogeneous cell cultures resulting from multiple human pluripotentstem cell(hPSC) myoogenic differentiation steps, and located hPSC-derived myogen progenitor cells into the embryonic-fetal transition periodimage source: Broad Stem Cell Research Centerresearchers have discovered a variety of rich biological processes, as well as co-regulating gene networks and transcription factors that exist at different stages of myosital, and this paper may help researchers gain a deeper understanding of the molecular mechanisms of human myocellular formation, as well as a better understanding of the function of hPSC-derived myoogenic progenitor cells and provide new ideas for the transformation altogetherd application of late-stage skesomeregenerative medicineHighlights of this study include: 1) researchers have constructed a map of the skeletal muscles of the limbs of embryos, fetuses, adult tissues, 2) found differences in human limb skeletal muscle and supporting cells during development, 3) PAX7 muscle tissue cells andstem cells may not be the same at different stages of development, and 4) hPSC-PAX7 cells are consistent with the transition from embryo to fetal stage during human body development , the researchers identified a variety of cell types from early embryonic development to adult skeletal muscle, focusing on muscle progenitor cells (which promote muscle formation before birth) and muscle stem cells (regeneration after birth and body injury), and how the network of genes in cells changes as cells mature The mapping of the roadmap will help researchers develop muscle stem cells in the lab and are critical to the later development of regenerative cell therapy to treat serious muscle diseases, including muscular dystrophy, age-related muscle mass and loss of strength Researcher April Pyle said muscle loss due to aging or disease is often the result of abnormal muscle stem cells, and the mapping of human skeletal muscle development has determined the precise genetic network of muscle progenitor cells and stem cells throughout development, which is essential for developing methods for producing these cells to treat associated muscle disorders Now that researchers have been able to produce skeletal muscle cells using human pluripotent stem cells, human pluripotent stem cells can self-renew and differentiate into any type of cell in the body, so far, researchers have not been able to determine the exact location of these cells in human development The researchers say the muscle cells they made in the lab are not as functional as the fully-fledged muscle cells found in human bodies stem cells , so they set out to create the map as a reference for researchers to compare the genetic characteristics of cells currently being created with those of real human skeletal muscle tissue to create this resource, the researchers collected highly specific data on two different sets of skeletal muscle cells, human skeletal muscle cells from the fifth to middle age of embryonic development, and skeletal muscle cells derived from human pluripotent stem cells produced by the researchers in the lab, and then compared the genetic properties of cells from both sources The researchers obtained 21 samples of human skeletal muscle tissue, and for muscle cells derived from the of multi-
stem cells, they used special techniques to evaluate the cells produced the researchers sequenced all samples with high-throughput, droplet-based single-cell RNA, a technique that helps researchers identify networks of genes present in single cells and processes thousands of cells simultaneously, allowing researchers to identify a variety of different cell types from human tissues and polysaccheic stem cells genetic characteristics; then they developed computational methods to focus on the analysis of muscle progenitor cells and stem cells, and to map the network of genes associated with each stage of development, which would allow researchers to match the genetic characteristics in muscle cells derived from pluripotent stem cells to the appropriate location in the human muscle development map The researchers found that all the methods they tried produced muscle cells derived from energy stem cells were similar to early-stage muscle progenitor cells and did not match adult muscle stem cells in addition to being able to determine the true maturity of the cells produced in the laboratory, the analysis provides details of other cell types in the developing skeletal muscle muscle and the groups of cells derived from human pluripotent stem cells, which play an important role in muscle cell maturation and may improve the way muscle stem cells are produced and supported in petri dishes Some methods of producing muscle cells in a petri dish also produce special cell types that may support muscle cells, so the question for researchers now is, what are these cells doing? Are they critical to the maturation and function of muscle stem cells produced and supported in petri dishes? later researchers will continue to delve into the use of relevant research to develop better ways to use human polysacccane stem cells to produce muscle stem cells in the laboratory, and the researchers hope to help future development of regenerative medicine therapy by focusing on stem cell-related gene expression networks and the type of supporting cells identified to produce high-energy muscle stem cell (biovalleybioon.com) References: Haibin Xi, Justin Langerman, Shan Sabri, et al.
A Human Skeletal Muscle Atlass Etrajectories of Stem and Progenitor Cells Across Development and from Human PluripotStem Cells
, Cell Stem Cell (2020) doi:10.1016/j.Stem.2020.04.017