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Studies have shown that the clinical performance of COVID-19 changes significantly, and although most patients experience mild to moderate symptoms, 10-20% of patients develop pneumonia and severe disease diastosis.
respiratory failure and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) usually occur two weeks after because of illness.
this dynamic may suggest the role of secondary immune responses in the development of severe COVID-19.
, however, the exact mechanism of pathophysiology for different courses of COVID-19 is still unclear.
Recently, in a two-center, two-cohort study, researchers combined single-cell RNA sequencing and single-cell proteomics of whole- and peri-blood mononucleocytes to determine the changes in immune cell composition and activeness of mild and severe COVID-19 (242 samples from 109 people).
to explore the differences in immune responses in patients with mild to severe COVID-19, the researchers analyzed blood samples collected from separate patient queues at two German university medical centers.
For samples from the Berlin queue (queue 1), the researchers used a droplet-based single-cell platform (10x Chromium), analyzed by mass spectrometer (CyTOF) and single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq), while for samples from the Bonn queue (queue 2), the researchers analyzed it using a multi-color flow cytometer (MCFC) and a microporal-based scRNA-seq system (BD Rq).
researchers analyzed a total of 24 million cells using protein markers and 328,000 cells in 53 COVID-19 patients and 56 controlled 242 samples using scRNA-seq, including 8 FLI patients.
in mild COVID-19, HLA-DRhiCD11chi inflammatory monocytes with interferon-stimulating gene characteristics were elevated.
contrast, severe COVID-19 is characterized by the emergence of neutral granulocytic precoculses, which can be used as evidence of emergency myelin cells, functionally dysfunctional mature neutral granulocytes, and HLA-DRlo monocytes.
the study provided detailed insights into the systemic immune response to SARS-CoV-2 infection, as well as the characteristics of myeloid cell changes associated with severe COVID-19.
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