Can Shandong chemical companies shut down and transfer 4,000 retreats to the park for one year to break the chemical siege?

Global Coatings Network News:

"We know that the original intentions and policies of the government are good, but it is really difficult for us to bear the pressure on the cost side.

Remnants of Zhangjiakou Shenghua Chemical Explosion Accident

Chemical siege

The chemical industry has high output value and high taxes, and is an important source of GDP and fiscal revenue.

At present, most of China's chemical enterprises are built on the water, and various chemical projects are scattered along the river and along the river.
However, in recent years, frequent security accidents and pollution incidents have forced the chemical park to reconsider how to live in harmony with the city.

In fact, the construction of the China Chemical Industry Park began in the early 1990s, and the construction speed has accelerated significantly after 2000.
As of 2018, in accordance with the "Catalogue of Announcements on the Four Scopes of * Grade Development Zones" (2018 Edition) issued by the *Ministry of Natural Resources and the Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development , the *classified economic and technological development zones with petrochemical, coal chemical and salt chemical industries as their leading industries 47, 21*-level high-tech industrial development zones, and 1 special customs supervision area.

Corresponding to this, the country has formed five major chemical clusters: one is the Pearl River Delta chemical zone centered on Guangzhou and Shenzhen; the second is the Bohai Rim chemical zone centered on Tianjin, Liaoning, and Shandong; the third is Shanghai and Nanjing and Suzhou as the center of the Yangtze River Delta petroleum Chemical Industry Park; Fourth, Sichuan and Chongqing as the center of natural gas chemical industry zone; Fifth, Shanxi, Shaanxi, Inner Mongolia-focused coal chemical industry zone.

Dalian is a sample of China's "Petrochemical Besieged City".
From south to north, Dalian has planned and constructed Laoganjingzi, Shuangdao Bay, Dagushan, Songmu Island, Xizhong Island, Changxing Island and other petrochemical bases or industrial parks related to the chemical industry chain.
Heavy chemical projects are like chess pieces.
It is densely distributed on the nearly 100-kilometer coastline of this coastal city, forming a tendency to embrace the urban area.

Nanjing is a typical petrochemical industry town in the Yangtze River.
More than a hundred chemical and steel companies are densely distributed in the four major areas along Meishan, the second to third bridges of the Yangtze River, Jinling Petrochemical and its surrounding areas, and the Dachang area, forming a "circle" of the city almost outside the main city of Nanjing.
Nanjing is surrounded by mountains on three sides and water on the other.
The main urban area is located downwind from the main industrial concentration areas.

As the most popular port city in the north, the chemical industry has always been one of Tianjin's pillar industries.
As early as 2011, Tianjin Binhai New Area has become one of the most comprehensive refining and chemical integration bases in China, as well as the most refining and deep processing base in North China.
Before the August 12 explosion accident in Tianjin Port in 2015, according to the data on the government website of Tianjin Binhai New Area, the output value of petrochemical industry reached 450 billion yuan in 2015, accounting for about 19% of the industry in the new area.
It is planned that by 2020, the scale of output value will reach 1.
2 trillion yuan, accounting for about 29% of the industry in the new zone.

Remnants of Zhangjiakou Shenghua Chemical Explosion Accident

Whether it is from absorbing jobs or increasing taxes, the chemical industry is so important to one city and one place, that chemical companies are the "sweet and pastry" of the local government.

However, more and more frequent chemical accidents are opening up huge safety hazards brought by the chemical siege.
The most recent accident occurred in the early morning of November 28, 2018.
There was an explosion and fire near Hebei Shenghua Chemical Co.
, Ltd.
, located in the eastern part of the bridge in Zhangjiakou, Hebei Province.
Many people were killed and injured.
Although the explosion was not a safety issue of Shenghua Chemical itself, there is a chemical plant next to the door of the house, which is always considered unsafe by the Chinese people.
"An explosion shattered the glass in our house and scared me to sleep the whole night.
" In the past few years, coveting the convenience of heating supply in the courtyard of a fertilizer manufacturer, Chen Feng bought a set of a fertilizer plant in Kaifeng City, Henan Province.
The second-hand house in the family yard, but such an explosion made her regret buying this house.

In addition to safety concerns, Chen Feng's exposure to air pollution all day has made Chen Feng a bit bitter.
Kaifeng, located in the hinterland of the North China Plain, is often covered by smog, and living around the fertilizer plant has aggravated Chen Feng's respiratory system.
Worry.
"In recent years, the fertilizer plant has adopted a lot of environmental protection equipment, which has a much smaller impact on the air.
In the past few years, I really didn't dare to pant when I went out.
"

Chemical plants and residential areas, economic efficiency and quality of life, which could have been balanced, are becoming more and more out of balance in China.
What are the factors that caused the units that belonged to two different urban functions to live next to each other?

In fact, the phenomenon of "there is the chemical industry before the city" is the norm in China's urban construction.
The reporter learned that many chemical companies included in the relocation and reconstruction plan were indeed far away from the urban area when they were originally constructed.
However, with the passage of time and urban development, the factory area was gradually surrounded by residential areas, resulting in a health protection distance or safety distance that did not meet the standard requirements.
Therefore, they were forced to renovate on the spot or move out of the city.

For example, a reporter's inquiry found that when Shaanxi Weihua Group was built in the 1990s, it was a safe distance of seven or eight kilometers from Weinan City.
However, in recent years it has been "cannibalized" by residential and commercial areas.
It is now located in the Weinan High-tech Zone.
The main city.
There is also a large methanol production company located in the eastern suburbs of Xianyang City, Shaanxi .
In recent years, it has also been gradually "surrounded" by the residents.
The company’s estimated relocation cost was 230 million yuan in the past few years, but it has now risen to more than 2 billion yuan.
.

"my country's hazardous chemical production and storage enterprises prevent major explosion accidents, and the safety protection distance laws and regulations from surrounding urban areas, residential areas, and public buildings are not complete.
" An expert who has been engaged in chemical park planning and safety regulation formulation for a long time is right* According to a financial reporter, when many chemical companies were building, the laws and regulations were not perfect, and there were no clear explosion-proof safety regulations, which caused a lot of hidden dangers.
The contradiction between the layout of the petrochemical and chemical industries and industrialization and urbanization became increasingly prominent.
The safety risks caused by insufficient safety protection distance from some hazardous chemical companies are also increasing.
At the same time, because the flammability research of individual complex chemicals is still an international academic problem, it is difficult to estimate the hidden danger technically, *calculate the safety width of the isolation zone between the chemical plant and the residential area, and it is inevitable that there will be companies When choosing a site, he took a chance and took the risk.

Retreat to the park

With the advent of a new round of investment in the chemical industry, as the public's awareness of the possible pollution caused by the chemical industry has increased significantly, how to plan and guide the location of these new projects has become a common topic of concern in the society.

How to prevent chemical companies from appearing in residential areas? Li Lei, president of SABIC North Asia, told reporters: "At this stage, retreating from the city and entering the park is a way to solve the location of chemical companies.
"

The so-called retreat from the city to the park refers to the gathering of similar enterprises and companies closely related to the industrial chain in the park to realize the coordination of the mutual utilization and protection of resources.
In fact, the slogan "Retreat from the city to the park" has been chanted across the country for several years, and the actual action has already begun.
This is particularly evident in the chemical industry.
The General Office of the State Council has successively issued: " The 13th Five-Year Plan for Safe Production " and the "Notice on Issuing the Comprehensive Safety Management Plan for Hazardous Chemicals".
According to the relevant notice, all localities shall speed up the implementation of the production and production of hazardous chemicals and chemical enterprises in densely populated areas.
The safe relocation project of storage sites will start the relocation and transformation of all existing hazardous chemical production enterprises located in densely populated areas in cities and towns by 2020.

The reporter did not completely sort out and found that in the industrial province of Shandong, "retreating from the city to the park" is emerging in many cities.
According to statistics, Shandong Province plans to retain 155 chemical parks and reorganize and abolish 44 chemical parks.
It has also clearly requested that chemical companies in key sensitive areas "enter the zone" before the end of 2018.

The reporter found that the Environmental Protection Department of Shandong Province announced a timetable for accelerating the entry of chemical companies into the park.
Based on the current rate of 20%, it will strive to reach 30% by 2020 and 40% by 2022.
"Shandong chemical companies, which once drifted away from the edge of the city and outside the park, and are now standing under the environmental storm, are experiencing a journey of *rebirth.
" A relevant person in charge of the local environmental protection agency told *financial reporters.

In Jiangsu, it is planned that by the end of 2020, the number of chemical companies in the province will be greatly reduced, and the total discharge of major pollutants in the chemical industry will be greatly reduced.
The number of chemical companies in the chemical park will account for more than 50% of the total number of chemical companies in the province; Hubei Province requires 95 More than% of petrochemical companies are concentrated in chemical parks.

The hard constraints of environmental protection will limit the investment of small and medium chemical enterprises to a certain extent.
In China, the phenomenon of “bad money driving out good money” caused by ignoring investment in environmental protection and gaining cost advantages has been very serious in China.
However, as the government at all levels attaches great importance to environmental protection issues, the old investment pattern of the chemical industry will change.
Large chemical companies that have prioritized investment in environmental protection may benefit from it.

Of course, in Li Lei's view, entering the chemical park and incorporating unified environmental assessment supervision does not necessarily lead to strict compliance with environmental regulations by chemical companies.
He told the financial reporter that in addition to the scientific and economical policy and regulation setting, emphasizing the strength and effectiveness of law enforcement is the key to the success or failure of the policy.

Cost

The rapid progress of “retreating from the city to the park” of chemical companies requires large-scale asset investment, which small companies cannot afford and can only passively eliminate them; if they stay outside the park, environmental protection needs to be equivalent to the level in the park, and environmental protection is an economy of scale If there is no sewage treatment plant and circular economy supporting facilities in the park, the cost will be much higher.

Regardless of whether you retreat to the park or stay in place, the cost is not affordable for small and medium-sized chemical companies.
The high barriers can only bring about irreversible shutdowns.
Take Shandong, which accounts for about 25% of the country’s chemical industry GDP, as an example.
As of the end of October, nearly 10,000 chemical companies at the beginning of the year had shut down and transferred nearly 4,000, and it is difficult for these lost production capacities to come back in the future.

"Stop and switch to another business.
" Old Xu, who had been exhausted by the rising costs brought about by the high pressure of environmental protection, simply chose to close the factory and close the business.
Old Xu told reporters that there are not a few Shandong bosses who have the same idea as him, and this is one of the main reasons for the rise in chemical prices since the beginning of 2018.

Of course, for multinational chemical companies, since the early introduction of environmental protection equipment and the establishment of factories in China have strong planning, the retreat from the city and the park did not have a greater impact on the multinational chemical companies.
Relevant persons in charge, including Covestro and Lanxess Chemical, are all supportive of the “retreat from the city to the park” currently being promoted in China.
"Although it will bring certain cost pressures to China's small and medium chemical companies in the short term, in the long run, this is both a trend and a model of low cost in exchange for high returns.
" Lanxess Chemical Greater China CFO Liu Xuanrui told reporters .

In fact, since environmental inspections, many chemical companies have faced life and death choices.
Under the background of environmental protection, entering the chemical park has become the most important choice for many chemical companies.
For a while, the access of major chemical parks across the country can be described as "a ticket is hard to find.
" The reporter learned during the interview that some companies believe that the chemical park can become a "protective umbrella" for companies and will not be shut down again.
However, the reality once again "slapped the face" severely.

Many provinces across the country have begun the process of shutting down and abolishing chemical parks.
The requirements for the "greening" of the chemical parks currently reserved will be further enhanced.
Relevant leaders of the Kaifeng Fine Chemical Industry Cluster told *Financial reporters that for companies that do not enter the park, the companies that enter the park have to increase the intensity of environmental protection inspections, and try to use a period of time to restore the green hills.