Can a recovered person re-infect with the new coronavirus, and can immunity provide protection?

!-- researchers at the University of Hong Kong have reported the world's first confirmed case of re-infection with the new coronavirus.
news received widespread attention from the New York Times, Reuters and other media outlets, and attracted ra2 comments on social media.
Previously, studies have reported cases of nucleic acid testing "yin-yang", suspecting that patients may be re-infected with the new coronavirus, but due to the limitations of the test, researchers can not confirm that these "yin-yang" patients because the first infection after the virus was not completely removed by the body, or suffered a second infection led to positive test results.
this time, researchers at the University of Hong Kong confirmed that the patient was infected with the new strain by sequencing the genome of samples obtained after two infections.
since the outbreak of the new crown outbreak, an important issue is whether the immunity of patients recovering COVID-19 can protect them from the new crown virus infection.
confirmed by today's examples of repeated infections, does this mean that the immunity caused by new coronavirus infections does not provide adequate protection? What impact does this case have on the development of the new crown vaccine? Today, the Pharmaceutical Mingkang content team will discuss these issues in conjunction with public information.
the 33-year-old male first contracted the new coronavirus in March and developed symptoms such as coughing, fever and headache, according to researchers in the Department of Microbiology at the University of Hong Kong who confirmed the re-infection with the new coronavirus.
he was diagnosed with the new coronavirus infection on March 26 through a nucleic acid test.
his symptoms had subsided by March 29.
14, he was discharged from the hospital after two nucleic acid tests, 24 hours apart, with negative results.
on August 15 this year, when he returned to Hong Kong via Spain and the United Kingdom, he tested positive for nucleic acid and was again hospitalized.
was in a asymptomatic state during his stay in hospital, his body temperature and other health indicators were normal, and no abnormalities were detected in chest imaging.
a series of nucleic acid tests during his hospital stay found that the viral load in his body was decreasing.
researchers sequenced the genomes of virus samples taken by the patient during the first and second infections.
they found significant differences in the viral genomes in the two samples.
these differences are found in viral tingling proteins, nucleoproteins, as well as unstructured proteins, and auxiliary proteins.
Virus Taxonomics studies show that the first strain of infection is a "close relative" of a strain collected in the United States or the United Kingdom in March-April this year, while the second strain of infection is closest to the strain collected in Switzerland and the United Kingdom in July-August this year.
the results suggest that two different strains of the virus caused the patient's two infections, the researchers said.
cases of repeated infections that support evidence that the body's immune system is functioning properly may raise questions about the body's ability to protect the immune system.
but industry experts say the emergence of new cases of re-infection with the coronavirus is not unexpected, and the patient's symptoms show that the body's immune system is functioning properly to eliminate the virus that invades the body.
, a professor of immunology at Yale University who studies innary and adaptive immune responses to viruses, points to evidence that the immune system works properly: The patient develops symptoms such as fever, cough, etc. the first time he is infected with the new coronavirus, but does not show any obvious symptoms when he is infected with the new coronavirus.
showed that the immunity of the new coronavirus infection did not prevent the patient from re-infection, but it still showed results in protecting the patient from COVID-19 symptoms.
Studies have shown that although the level of moderate antibody titration caused by a new coronavirus infection decreases significantly after 3-4 months of recovery, and more importantly, when the new coronavirus invades again, the memory T and B cells in the body can quickly identify the invading virus and stimulate antibodies and cellular immune responses more quickly and effectively.
the University of Hong Kong also conducted serological tests on the patient.
they found no IgG antibodies against the new coronavirus in the blood when the patient was serologically tested on the 10th day after the first infection.
, however, on the fifth day after the second infection, researchers detected IgG antibodies against the new coronavirus in the patient's blood.
results are also consistent with the normal response of the immune system.
Because it takes longer for the immune system to produce targeted IgG antibodies when it first encounters a new coronavirus, the immune system of the new coronavirus has been "recognized" to be able to rapidly produce targeted antibodies through plasma cells in the bone marrow.
the effect of this finding on long-term immunity and vaccine development suggests that some patients infected with the new coronavirus may be re-infected after 3-4 months.
, being infected with the new coronavirus may not provide long-term immune protection against re-infection.
, however, the immune response of different patients with the new coronavirus is different, and previous studies have shown that patients with more severe symptoms produce higher levels of meso-antibodies than those with lighter symptoms.
, how long the new coronavirus infection can protect against re-infection still requires follow-up studies of more patients.
Akiko Iwasaki has previously pointed out that the new coronavirus vaccine currently being developed has more advantages in stimulating the body's immune response than natural new coronavirus infections.
this case of repeated infection does not mean that the immune protection provided by the new crown vaccine will be equally short-lived.
is currently working on the protection capabilities of the new crown vaccine, it will take time and large-scale clinical trials to verify.
industry experts also point out that the findings mean that patients who have been infected with the new coronavirus may also need to receive the new coronavirus vaccine to improve the protection against the new coronavirus infection.
they can't be taken lightly because they've had COVID-19 before, they still need to follow public health initiatives to limit the spread of the virus, such as washing their hands, wearing masks, and keeping social distances.
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