Campendium of Materia Medica

comprehensive herbal works of our country in the 16th century, that is, today's monograph on medicine. Li Zhizhen, a medical scientist of the Ming Dynasty, wrote a book in the Wan calendar for six years (1578) and published in the Wan calendar for eighteen years (1596). A total of 52 volumes, more than 1.9 million words, containing 1892 kinds of drugs, of which in addition to gold, Yuan before each recorded 1518 kinds, the addition of 374 kinds, set 8160, with 1160 pictures. The book is divided into three parts. The first part is the first part of the volume, including the preamble, examples, writing characteristics and drawings. The second part is 1 to 4 volumes, 1 to 2 volumes for the history of herb history of the valuable 41 herb works and herb outline cited book catalog, equivalent to today's literature citation. Volumes 3 to 4 describe the types of major drugs used to treat various diseases. The third part 5 to 52 volumes, for the central content of this book, the drug is divided into 16, 62 categories, 16 are water, fire, earth, goldstone, grass, wood, grain, fruit, vegetables, service, insects, scales, media, poultry Animals, people, animals, animals, minerals three categories, of which the plant part recorded a total of 1167 species, divided into grass, wood, grain, fruit, vegetables 5, grass is divided into mountain grass,grass, water grass, stone grass, moss grass , cranberry grass, poisonous grass, aromatic grass and other 8 categories; Not included in the medicinal fruit category 7 categories; wood part fragrant wood, tree class, shrub class, wood class, wood class, hybrid wood class, etc. 6 categories; cereal part hemp, wheat, rice, millet, beans, brewing class 4 categories. A total of 478 kinds of animal medicine were recorded, including 5 departments of insects, media, poultry, scales and animals. The insect department includes 3 categories of egg, chemical, wet, the department includesslugs, clams 2 categories, the poultry department includes mountain birds, raw birds, waterfowl 3 categories, scales include dragons, snakes, fish, scaly fish 4 categories, the animal department includes animals, beasts, rats, fables 4 categories, basically in line with the principle of evolution from low to high. A total of 276 kinds of inorance drugs, divided into water, soil, gold stone 3 major parts, to gold and stone more divided into gold, jade, stone, halide and other categories. Its classification method broke more than 1000 years of the traditional method of sub-drug as the top, middle and bottom three products, but the similar drugs into various groups, to move, plant form, taste, habits, habitat, use, etc. as the basis for clustering, to outline (department) category (class), to the category (class), methodical classification method, at that time, whether in China or in the world, are very advanced. The Herb Outline summarizes the experience of pharmaceutical knowledge and use before the middle ming Dynasty in China, corrects many mistakes in the herb, raises Chinese medicine to a new level, and it is also a rich book of dynamic and plants, which ranks plants of similar form together, such as gansui, entourage, paint, geese, etc., according to modern classification, they all belong to the daisy, the python genus. In the name of animals and plants, attaches great importance to the unity of names, more than 1000 kinds of plants, none of the correct name is renamed, put forward the "total standard is named outline, more than the release of the name", for each plant listed a positive name and a number of different names, and today's international plant naming regulations are in line with the basic spirit. Since 1596 (Jinling edition) published, in 1603 in Jiangxi, that is, Jiangxi version, and then engraved dozens of times, promoting the development of Chinese medicine and the study of animals and plants. Introduced to Japan at the beginning of the 17th century, into Europe in the 18th century, and has been translated into Japan, North Korea, Germany, France, English, Russia, Latin and other languages, the world's medical community and natural studies have a great impact on the 1974 publication of the school point book 3 volumes, is the use of the earlier 1603 (Ming Wan calendar 31 years) summer conscience engraved Jiangxi edition as a blue book, next to the school to carry out the school.