Breeding high quality and high yield feed wheat in China

Introduction: in order to adapt to China's national conditions, it is required that wheat grains can be edible (above medium gluten powder) or used as fine fodder for feeding The stems have sweet taste, improve palatability, and are conducive to silage After being smashed and nitrified, the dry wheat stalks can be directly fed to livestock Based on this breeding goal, the wheat room of Heilongjiang Academy of agricultural sciences began to select high quality and high yield feed wheat in the ninth five year plan Based on the analysis of the breeding trends at home and abroad, the excellent genes of rye were transferred to wheat varieties by combining conventional breeding, chromosome engineering and molecular markers The high-quality and high-yield feed wheat, long 18588, was bred at one stroke as a common wheat type, which opened up a broad prospect for the development of animal husbandry in spring wheat producing areas in China and provided feed with high protein and lysine content 。 Triticale is a new species synthesized by sexual hybridization of wheat and rye It has been nearly a hundred years In some developed countries, the annual planting area is more than 1 million hectares, which is mainly used for feed There are still some technical problems to be solved in food In China, triticale has been studied for more than half a century Although some research results have been obtained, a large area of Triticale has not been used in production The IB / IR translocation line or substitution line between wheat and rye was used in long18588, which made outstanding contribution to the breeding of resistance to Stripe Rust in Huang Huai Hai and northern winter wheat region of China, controlled the damage of stripe rust, and ensured the stable and high yield of Winter Wheat in China The main characteristics of the feed wheat are: 90-95 days from emergence to maturity, late maturity, developed root system at seedling stage, drought resistance, barren resistance, late wet resistance, lush and green stems and leaves, plant height of 90-100 cm, resistance to lodging, leaf rust, root rot and scab (with resistance source of Sumai 3), big spike, middle awn, red and full grain, 1000 grain weight of 35-38 g, volume weight of 800-820 g / male The content of crude protein and wet gluten were 15.62% and 32.1% respectively, and lysine was 0.47% The first two indexes were 1-2 percentage points higher than that of common wheat varieties According to the rheological test of Farinograph, the stable time of the wheat is 5-7 minutes, which is high quality cooking quality; the grain can be processed into high lysine rich medium gluten flour for consumption, and can also be used as high protein, high lysine concentrate feed Silage, with sweet stalk, contains 2.11% sucrose and disaccharide, which is between triticale and wheat The fresh weight on the ground is generally more than 4000 kg per mu, and the grain yield per unit area is 250-300 kg The yield of Longmai 26 is 7.8% higher than that of Longmai 26 The yield per mu can reach more than 400kg in the plot with better water and fertilizer conditions The ratio of grain to stem is 1:1.24, and wheat straw can harvest 300-400kg / mu It is suitable for large-scale production in Heilongjiang, Inner Mongolia, Xinjiang and other agricultural and pastoral areas It is a new variety for local development of animal husbandry and increase of feed resources.