Br J Cancer: The prognosis of esterase gene expression levels in multiple myeloma

The esterase family is a sub-family of hydrolyzed enzyme super families whose main function is hydrolytic ester bonds.
has identified many different esterases with different substrate specificity and biological functions, and previous studies have shown that specific esterase expression disorders are present in cancer.
, esterase hydrolysing represents an interesting potential mechanism for selectively activating anticancer drugs in cancer cells while minimizing toxicity to healthy cells and tissues.
Previous studies have revealed many genes with high-frequency mutations in multiple myeloma (MM), and although the genes that encode esterase are not prominent in them, they in turn suggest that the expression regulation of esterase genes is achieved through mechanisms other than mutations.
, the study aims to assess the biological significance of esterase expression regulation in multiple myeloma (MM).
In this study, esterase gene expression spectrum from multiple myeloma samples from the FIMM dataset, the researchers performed gene expression spectrometry analysis through the Finnish Institute of Molecular Medicine (FIMM) queue to assess the relevant genomic mutations and obtain corresponding bone marrow punctures from newly diagnosed MM (NDMM) patients or patients with recurring/refroutable MM (RRMM).
is used to evaluate genomic mutation information by amassing CD138 plus plasma cells and using them for RNA sequencing and analysis.
researchers linked the clinical results of multiple myeloma research foundation (MMRF) and MM patients to the Personal Genetic Profile Assessment (CoMMpass) dataset to validate the findings of the FIMM queue.
the significance of esterase expression levels to patient prognostication showed that a total of 171 bone marrow punctures (NDMM, n, 56; RRMM, n, 78) were obtained from MM patients (NDMM, n, 56; RRMM, n, 115).
researchers found that specific esterases in MM showed relatively high or lower expression levels, and that expression levels of specific esterases (UCHL5, SIAE, ESD, PAFAH1B3, PNPLA4, and PON1) changed significantly as NDMM evolved toward RRMM.
high expression levels of OVCA2, PAFAH1B3, SIAE and USP4, and low expression levels of PCED1B are considered indicators of poor prognosticity in patients.
further results, the MMRF CoMMpass dataset provides validation that the higher expression levels of PAFAH1B3 and SIAE and the lower expression levels of PCED1B are associated with adverse prognostics in patients.
, the results reveal that the level of expression of esterase genes changes as patients move from NDMM to RRMM.
the high expression levels of OVCA2, PAFAH1B3, USP4 and SIAE and the low expression level of PCED1B are hallmarks of poor prognosis in MM patients, and these results also illustrate the role of these esterases in the development of myeloma.