BMC Medicine: A healthy lifestyle reduces the risk of cancer and heart metabolic disease

Increased life expectancy increases a person's likelihood of developing two or more diseases, a phenomenon often referred to as multiple illnesses.
Cardiovascular Disease (CVD), Type 2 Diabetes (T2D) and cancer are most closely associated with multiple diseases, as they are the most common chronic noncommunicable diseases (non-communicable diseases, NCDs) and are the leading causes of morbidity, disability and impaired quality of life.
improvements in health care, many people will survive their first noncommunicable disease, which is becoming the norm for people with chronic diseases.
2016, there were an estimated 15.5 million cancer survivors in the United States, 60 percent of whom were 85 and older, with at least one pre-cancer combination, compared with T2D and CVD in the epidemic.
addition, figures from Scotland show that about 65 per cent of over-65s have multiple illnesses, while more than half of all people with multiple conditions are under the age of 65.
, multiple illnesses are now considered the focus of global health care.
of individual diseases dominates medical research, and epidemiological studies generally investigate the occurrence of single adverse events (e.g., the incidence of cancer).
method provides reliable evidence of the link between exposure and disease, greatly advancing our understanding of the causes of disease.
2013-2020 World Health Organization (WHO) Global Action Plan for the Prevention and Control of NCDs aims to prevent and control key NCDs and their key risk factors, including obesity, smoking, exercise in exercise, harmful alcohol use and unhealthy eating.
, however, few studies have investigated the association between lifestyle factors and multiple conditions, especially cancer.
, a large multi-country team study recently looked at the link between five lifestyles and the risk of cancer-heart metabolism.
the study included 291,778 participants (64 per cent of whom were women) from seven European countries, most of whom were between the ages of 43 and 58 and were recruited without cancer, cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes.
the definition of multiple cancer-heart metabolism refers to a person who subsequently develops at least two diseases, including cancer in any part, cardiovascular disease, and type 2 diabetes.
five lifestyles include: body mass index (BMI), smoking status, alcohol intake, physical activity, and adherence to the Mediterranean diet.
five lifestyles are also summed up as healthy lifestyle index HLI.
In short, the category of each factor ranges from 0 to 4 points, and the higher the score, the healthier the behavior, followed by smoking (never smoking s4, previous smoking s2, now smoking s0), alcohol intake (sl;6 g) /day s 4,6.0-11.9 g/day s 3,12.0-24.9 g/day s 2,24.0-59. 9 g/day s 1,≥60 g/day s0), physical activity (active s4, moderate active s 3, moderate inactive s1, inactive s0), BMI (22-23.9 kg/m2 s 4 , <22 s 3, 24-25.9 s 2,26-29.9 s 1,≥30 s 0), diet (mrMDS scores 4 to 0 from top to bottom).
HLI ranges from 0 to 20.
results showed that 1,910 men and 1,334 women developed multiple conditions of cancer and heart metabolic disease during the 11-year mid-year follow-up period.
high healthy lifestyle index HLI, reflecting a healthy lifestyle, with a strong inverse relationship with multiple conditions.
cancer, CVD, and T2D, for each additional 3 units of HLI, the risk ratio for multiple conditions was 0.75 (95% CI, 0.71 to 0.81), 0.84 (0.79 to 0.90) and 0.82 (0.77 to 0.88), respectively.
T2D, men and women with unhealthy lifestyles had an absolute risk of developing more than 10 years, respectively, at 40 per cent and 25 per cent, while men and women with healthy lifestyles were 30 per cent and 18 per cent, respectively.
: A healthy lifestyle can reduce the risk of cancer, heart metabolic disease, and multiple onset.
Freisling, H., Viallon, V., Lennon, H. et al. Lifestyle factors and risk of multimorbidity of cancer and cardiometabolic diseases: a multinational cohort study. BMC Med 18, 5 (2020). MedSci Original Source: MedSci Original Copyright Notice: All text, images and audio and video materials on this website that indicate "Source: Mets Medicine" or "Source: MedSci Original" are owned by Mets Medicine and are not authorized to be reproduced by any media, website or individual, and are authorized to be reproduced with the words "Source: Mets Medicine".
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