Blood of China University of Science and Technology: Mechanism of early recurrence of AML after allo-HSCT

A few days ago, the research group of Professor Wei Haiming from the Department of Life Sciences and Medicine of the Chinese University of Science and Technology cooperated with the team of Professor Sun Zimin and Professor Zhu Xiaoyu from the Department of Hematology of the First Affiliated Hospital to investigate the relapse mechanism and intervention of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT).

AML is the most common acute leukemia in adults and has a poor prognosis

The immune escape mechanism of tumor cells has always been a major issue of international concern

In order to prove the activation mechanism of TGF-β1, the researchers systematically analyzed the changes in the expression of GARP molecules, and proved that GARP is highly expressed on the surface of CD4+ T cells in the bone marrow of relapsed patients

In order to explore whether inhibiting the TGF-β1 signaling pathway can restore the anti-tumor function of bone marrow NK cells, the researchers added TGF-β1 neutralizing antibodies and TGF-β1/TGF-βR1 signal blockers to the bone marrow NK cells of relapsed patients.

CD4+ T cells activate TGF-β1 via GARP and mediate myeloid NK cell inactivation

In conclusion, this study found that CD4+ T cells in the tumor microenvironment of AML patients after allo-HSCT inhibited the anti-tumor function of bone marrow NK cells by activating TGF-β1, resulting in leukemia relapse

Professor Wei Haiming, Professor Sun Zimin and Professor Zhu Xiaoyu are the co-corresponding authors of the paper

The research work has been supported by the Chinese Academy of Sciences, the National Natural Science Foundation of China, the "New Medicine of the University of Science and Technology" and the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation

Article link: https://ashpublications.

(Department of Life Science and Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital, Research Department)