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Bloodstream infections (BSIs) are the leading cause of death worldwide, and the number of affected patients continues to increase
.
The disease burden of BSI is comparable to the burden of severe trauma, myocardial infarction, and stroke in adults
BSI can be caused by Gram-positive or negative bacteria
AOSD is a rare, systemic autoinflammatory disorder of unknown origin with high fever, transient rash, arthralgia , sore throat, swollen lymph nodes , hepatosplenomegaly, and myalgia
Diagnosing False Negative Results Rheumatic Disease
method
Inclusion criteria were: (1) body temperature ≥ 38°C, white blood cells ≥9.
5×109 /L, neutrophil % ≥ 75%, (2) blood culture on admission
.
Exclusion criteria were: (1) patients who received glucocorticoids/other immunosuppressive drugs within 3 months , (2) patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome/other immune diseases , (3) patients who died within 6 hours of admission
.
Blood samples were collected from the tubes of eligible patients on admission in EDTAanticoagulant
Immunosuppressive drugs in EDTA anticoagulants in patients with immune diseases
64 people participated in the training set (37 for BSI, 17 for AOSD, and 10 for healthy control)
.
Additionally, 86 individuals were included in the validation cohort (67 BSI, 19 AOSD)
result
Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae are the most common pathogens causing BSI
.
In the training cohort, patients with AOSD had higher rates of rash, arthralgia, myalgia, sore throat, lymphadenopathy, leukocytosis, and hyperferritinemia than patients with BSI
Escherichia coli Klebsiella pneumoniae
Distribution of pathogens in the training cohort
Table: Clinical manifestations and routine laboratory tests of BSI and AOSD patients in training and validation cohorts
BSIin conclusion
Several plasma cytokines were identified as potential non-invasive biomarkers to differentiate between BSI and AOSD
.
The plasma levels of IL-6, IL-17A, CX3CL1 and CXCL10 in BSI patients were higher than those in AOSD patients, while the plasma IL-18 levels in AOSD patients were higher than those in BSI patients
Source: Wei Zhang, Tao Yang, Haocheng Zhang, Yuzhen Xu, Qingluan Yang, Qianqian Liu, Yan Gao, Jing Wu, Lingyun Shao, Wenhong Zhang, Biomarker screening and validation for the differentiation of bloodstream infection from adult-onset Still's disease: A prospective cohort study, Cytokine, Volume 146, 2021, 155642, ISSN 1043-4666,
https://doi.
org/10.
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