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High-magnification hydrogel (blue) encapsulates platelets (red) that activate T cells and nanoparticles (green) that release drugs to inhibit tumor cells
A new type of biodegradable gel could boost the immune system's ability to suppress cancer following surgical removal of tumors
Tested in mice, the gel releases the drug and specialized antibodies while destroying immune-blocking cells called macrophages from the surgical site and activating T cells that enable them to attack cancer
Scientists at the University of Wisconsin-Madison tested the gel on several mouse models of cancer
These proof-of-concept experiments will support further studies in other animal models, potentially leading to future human clinical trials
The experiment was led by the lab of Quanyin Hu, a professor in the UW-Madison School of Pharmacy, and supported by Seungpyo Hong, a professor in the UW-Madison School of Medicine and Public Health Department of Pharmacy, and colleagues
Professor Hu said: "We are very pleased to see that this local treatment approach can treat many different types of tumors, especially these non-immunogenic tumors
Surgery is an excellent way to treat many tumors, but the small amount of cancer cells that remain after surgery can allow the tumor to grow back
One is the drug Pexidartinib, which is approved to inhibit the function of tumor-associated macrophages
The second component of the gel is platelets -- small clumps of cells that can clot blood -- combined with immune-stimulating antibodies
The researchers hope that the local release of antibody-bound platelets and pexidartinib will both maximize its effect near the tumor site and reduce the side effects that occur when administered intravenously and widely circulated in the body
Professor Hu's team tested the gel extensively in cancer, as these tumors responded differently to immunotherapies such as anti-PD-1-bound platelets
In recent years, they have been independently developing new ways to control cancer without the need for traditional chemotherapy, which has serious side effects
"This is just the initial phase of the collaboration between the two labs
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