Application of centralized power fire emergency lighting and evacuation indication system in primary school projects

Foreword: Emergency lighting and evacuation indication systems play a role in providing lighting and guiding evacuation routes in the event of
a fire.

According to the type of power setting, the system is divided into centralized power supply type and non-centralized power supply type; According to the control type, the system can be divided into centralized control and non-centralized control type
.

At present, the system commonly used in public construction projects is centralized power supply
.

Based on the "Technical Standard for Fire Emergency Lighting and Evacuation Indication System" (GB51309-2018), this paper takes the emergency lighting system used by the two primary schools as an example to explain the scope of application, system composition and construction points
of the two centralized power supply systems.

Keywords: school; Centralized power supply; Centralized control; Non-centralized control 1.
Fire evacuation system classification Fire evacuation system is a system for personnel evacuation and places that still need to work when a fire occurs, the system is composed
of fire emergency lighting fixtures, fire emergency signs and lamps, power distribution devices and control devices.

The fire evacuation system can be divided into centralized control system and non-centralized control system according to the control mode of fire emergency lamps, and the power supply mode of fire emergency lamps can be divided into centralized power supply type and self-contained power supply type fire emergency lamp.


The classification of fire evacuation systems can be found in Figure 2 below.
Primary school background introduction and fire evacuation system Select two primary schools (hereinafter referred to as four small and five small respectively), five small sets up a fire automatic alarm system and equipped with a fire control room, and four small two are not set
.

According to the requirements of the "Technical Standard for Fire Emergency Lighting and Evacuation Indication System" (GB51309-2018), the choice of fire emergency lighting and evacuation indication system type should be determined
according to the scale of the building (structure), the nature of use, the difficulty of daily management and maintenance, and other factors.

Controller selection: A-C-A100 can be seen from this, five small using centralized power supply centralized control system, four small using centralized power supply non-centralized control system
.

Centralized power supply selection: A-D-0.
5KVA-A200FP centralized control system compared with non-centralized control system, the difference is that it has an emergency lighting controller, it is the core control component of the centralized control system, the main function is to accept the fire alarm system sent by the system emergency start trigger signal, according to the preset logic automatic control system emergency start, while real-time display of lamps, emergency lighting distribution box or centralized power supply and other system components of the working state
。
The emergency lighting controller is connected to the centralized power supply by bus, which is then connected to the luminaire to achieve communication functions
.

At the same time, the controller is connected to the host of the automatic fire alarm system, and in the event of a fire, the opening and closing of the evacuation indicator can be intelligently controlled according to the place where the fire source detected by the probe, giving a safe evacuation escape path and guiding the safe escape direction
.

Lamp selection: four small fire emergency lighting and evacuation indication system is composed
of A-type emergency lighting centralized power supply, A-type fire emergency lighting fixtures and fire emergency sign lamps.

Among them, the centralized power supply is set in the electrical shaft and distributed by the normal lighting main distribution box
.

Each of the four small fire zones and floors has only one evacuation indication scheme, and the evacuation sign lights do not use variable sign lights
.

Wuxiao adopts centralized control type system, in addition to A-type emergency lighting centralized power supply and A-type fire emergency lighting fixtures, there is also A-type emergency lighting controller
.

The system can carry out uninterrupted inspection of the equipment, and can also learn about the fire situation and dynamically adjust the evacuation route through the linkage with the fire fighting equipment, and the specific system networking structure is as follows
.

The power supply method of the emergency system of the two primary schools adopts centralized power supply, and the system distribution and the basic requirements for emergency lights are consistent
.

Emergency lighting centralized power supply is a standby centralized power supply device set in the building, which can automatically convert the AC 220V input power supply into a DC 36V output power supply, providing a stable and reliable power supply
for the system components in the area.

When a fire or other emergency occurs in a building, the centralized power supply supplies power to the fire lighting fixtures to ensure the normal operation of
the fire emergency lighting and evacuation indication system.

When the main power supply cannot be powered, it can be automatically switched to a standby power supply to maintain the normal operation of the system for not less than 90min
.

It can enter the emergency state in both manual and automatic ways, and set up a forced emergency start button
.

With reliable output overload protection, battery overcharge protection, short circuit protection and other protection functions, when the charger and battery connection line open, emergency output loop open circuit and other faults, the system can issue sound and light signals, and display the fault type
.

There is no residual current action protector installed in the input and output loops, and the output loop strictly prohibits access to the unexpected load
of the system.

3.
ConclusionThis article combines the selection of fire evacuation systems of the two primary schools, and explains that the difference between the construction difficulties of the two sets of emergency lighting evacuation systems lies only in the installation and commissioning of emergency lighting controllers; In terms of technology, the systems used by the two primary schools meet the requirements of the specification and have successfully passed the acceptance of the local fire department; In terms of design ideas, one of the two emergency lighting evacuation systems mainly considers economic cost (four small), while the other strives for safety (five small).