An analysis of China's fishery economic situation

Introduction: after the mid-1990s, the total supply and demand of aquatic products in China has tended to balance, and there is a seasonal surplus in some areas In this case, we can no longer blindly emphasize the increase of the total Therefore, whether the fishery can maintain stable and healthy development in the future does not lie in the increase of quantity, but in the improvement of quality and efficiency Now, mariculture is developing to deep water and land, and there are many industrial aquaculture The aquaculture varieties are developing from shellfish and algae to fish, and other industries such as pelagic fishery and inland aquaculture have improved in general Since 1998, the guiding goal of "zero growth" of marine fishing has changed the economic growth mode based on the simple pursuit of output and excessive development and utilization of resources in the past, and really established the concept of protecting resources, protecting ecological environment and maintaining sustainable development of fishery The goal of zero growth has promoted the adjustment of industrial structure, and the proportion of aquaculture and fishing output has changed The aquaculture output has accounted for 58% of the total output China's fishery production has been developing steadily, and new progress has been made in structural adjustment The development momentum of famous, special and excellent new aquaculture is rapid, the awareness of quality has been improved, the market of aquatic products has been running steadily, the price has stopped falling and rebounded, the import and export trade has continued to grow, and the structural adjustment of pelagic fishery has been strengthened According to the preliminary statistics on the production of major provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the central government, the output of aquatic products in January October was 30.346 million tons, an increase of 1.226 million tons or 4.1% over the same period last year Among them, 12.0834 million tons of fresh water products, an increase of 4.8%; 11.6559 million tons of marine fishing, an increase of 0.9%; 6.667 million tons of mariculture, an increase of 8.99%, is the fastest growing industry in the fishery industrial structure From January to September, China's foreign trade in aquatic products totaled 2.434 million tons, with a total trade volume of 3.6 billion US dollars, up 22.9% and 11.8% respectively from the same period last year Among them, the export volume was 770000 tons, down 20%, the export volume was 2.34 billion US dollars, up 6.8%; the import volume was 1.664 million tons, up 64.4%, and the import volume was 1.26 billion US dollars, up 22.3% It is expected that the annual output of aquatic products will reach 42.7 million tons, an increase of 3.6% over last year, 104% of the 41 million tons of the planned output in the ninth five year plan will be completed, and the increase in the added value of fishery will be higher than the increase in output Historical changes have taken place in China's fishery production and fishery economy, reflecting the following characteristics: First, the role and status of fisheries have changed significantly The development of fisheries is not only to meet market demand and enrich the "vegetable basket", but also to promote rural and local economic development and increase the income of farmers (fishermen) Fisheries, especially aquaculture, have become the pillar industry of rural economy and the economic growth point of farmers' income in many places, It has become an important way for farmers in poor areas to get rid of poverty and become rich Second, the supply-demand relationship of the aquatic product market has undergone profound changes The main contradiction faced by the development of fisheries has shifted from the lack of supply and demand to the double constraints of the market and resources The comparative benefits of Fisheries and the income of fishermen have declined significantly The improvement of the quality of fishery products and industrial quality has become urgent The transformation of the mode of economic growth of Fisheries and the adjustment of industrial structure are particularly urgent Cut Third, the protection of fishery resources and ecological environment is not only the call of the times, but also the inevitable requirement of sustainable development of fishery Due to the further aggravation of the pollution of fishery water environment and the high fishing intensity, the serious decline of fishery resources has not been fundamentally reversed The protection of fishery water environment is not only an important responsibility of the fishery department but also of the whole society There is a long way to go to effectively reduce fishing intensity and protect and restore fishery resources Fourthly, the internationalization degree of fishery is getting higher and higher, and the urgency of participating in the development of world fishery resources and international market competition is increasing day by day After China's accession to WTO, the advanced international quality management methods and product marketing forms will inevitably have a profound impact on China's fishery production mode and domestic and foreign trade Fifthly, the extensive implementation of the exclusive economic zone system of the surrounding countries, the entry into force of the fishery agreement between China, Japan and South Korea and the end of the demarcation of the Beibu Gulf have brought great challenges to China's marine fishery The fishery management systems of the East, Yellow Sea and Beibu Gulf have undergone fundamental changes, and the economic development and social stability of the coastal areas will be affected to a certain extent In addition, in recent years, due to the decline of resources, the rising price of diesel oil, the general decline of marine fishing efficiency, a large area of losses, the task of fishermen to change their industries is very arduous All of these put forward new problems for the development and management of Fisheries in China.