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Air pollution is a considerable global health threat
.
Ambient air pollution is a leading cause of death and disease, including heart disease, chronic respiratory disease, lung infections and cancer
Infect
The 2020 Lancet Commission on Dementia Prevention , Intervention and Care included air pollution for the first time on its list of major modifiable risk factors for dementia
.
Given that neurodegenerative processes may begin at least 10 years before clinical symptoms appear, air pollution interventions during this long critical period may be beneficial in delaying the onset of dementia
Lancet Prevention
G-formula methods are a class of standardized causal inference methods that can simulate dynamic interventions for different hypotheses about the exposure of interest
.
Previous studies have used these methods to model complex interventions in a variety of settings, including blood pressure interventions and dementia
Against this backdrop, more than 90% of the world's population lives in areas that exceed World Health Organization (WHO) guidelines for healthy air, and as the population ages, the number of people with dementia is expected to increase by three percent over the next 30 years.
times, a multifaceted approach to improving population health is critical
.
In addition to the development of individual-level prevention strategies, population-level interventions, such as air quality regulation, can provide long-term benefits for the general population
guide
Hereby, Noémie Letellier et al.
, Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health, USA, quantified how the observed reductions in PM2.
5 concentrations contributed to the benefits of dementia incidence and modeled the effect of hypothetical air quality improvement interventions on reducing the incidence of dementia in a large French cohort.
Dementia incidence benefits
.
They used the parameter g calculation to quantify the expected number of dementia cases that reduced particulate matter measurements <2.
5 μm (PM2.
5) under different hypothetical interventions
.
Of the 7,051 participants, 789 developed dementia
.
Between 1990 and 2000, the median PM2.
Such a reduction reduced the risk of all-cause dementia (hazard ratio [HR], 0.
This shows that reducing air pollution may have huge benefits in preventing dementia
.
.
Original source:
Letellier N, Gutierrez L, Duchesne J, et al.
Air quality improvement and incident dementia: Effects of observed and hypothetical reductions in air pollutant using parametric g‐computation.
Alzheimer's & Dementia.
Air quality improvement and incident dementia: Effects of observed and hypothetical reductions in air pollutant using parametric g‐computation.
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