Alzheimer's and Dementia: LDL cholesterol and urinary glycoside levels predict clinical progress of AD

Prior to Alzheimer's disease (AD) dementia, changes in nutritional status, including weight loss and reduced nutritional levels, were widely observed.
In community-based populations, impaired nutritional status is associated with a faster decline in cognitive ability, so levels of nutritional biomarkers in blood or cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) can be used to identify nutritional factors that may lead to a faster decline in AD cognitive ability.
cross-sectional studies comparing levels of nutritional biomarkers in the AD and control groups showed lower levels of several nutrients in AD, and higher levels of homocysteine and cholesterol were risk factors for AD-type dementia, according to large population-based studies.
A recent study suggests a nutritional risk index, including levels of omega-3 fatty acids, vitamin D, and homocysteine, that may help identify older people with a reduced risk of cognitive decline who have not yet developed a phenolype of dementia.
these findings suggest that nutritional biomarkers may help to target dietary interventions.
, researchers recently published a paper in the journal Alzheimer's and Dementia that looked at the relationship between nutritional biomarkers and clinical progression in patients with subjective cognitive impairment (SCD), mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and Alzheimer's disease (AD).
the study, the researchers included 528 people (64±8 years old, 46% of women followed by 2.1±0.87 years) with SCD (n s 204), MCI (n s 130) and AD (n s 194).
researchers measured baseline levels of cholesterol, triglycerides, glucose, homocysteine, folic acid, vitaminSA, B12, E and urinary glycosides in their blood, as well as levels of S-adenosine methionine and S-adenosine high cysteine in cerebrospinal fluid.
, the researchers used cox-scale risk models to determine the association between nutritional biomarkers and clinical progression.
results showed clinical progress in 22 (11%) SCD patients, 45 (35%) MCI patients and 100 (52%) AD patients.
in SCDs, higher levels of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol were associated with progress (risk ratio .HR.
in AD, lower urinary glycoside levels were associated with progress (0.79 .
, the results show that LDL cholesterol and urinary glycoside play a phased role in the clinical progress of AD.