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In the last issue of " How does the new EU Common Agricultural Policy reflect fairer EU farmers?" "Mentioned in the EU Common Agricultural Policy (2023-2027) (hereinafter referred to as the new CAP) will be fairer, more environmentally friendly, and more flexible
.
So, how does the new CAP ensure that the EU's agricultural development is more environmentally friendly?
.
So, how does the new CAP ensure that the EU's agricultural development is more environmentally friendly?
Higher environmental ambitions
The new CAP requires all EU member states to ensure that their CAP strategic plan has a higher level of ambition in terms of environment and climate, and cannot "reverse", and must comply with the requirements of the "European Green Agreement
.
" On the one hand, EU member states are required to assess whether their CAP plan is consistent with the requirements of the newly revised EU environmental and climate regulations, and adjustments are needed if necessary; on the other hand, the European Commission is required to evaluate the CAP strategic plan and EU environmental and climate regulations commitments (Especially the consistency and contribution of the EU 2030 goals set in the "Farm to Table Plan" and the "EU Biodiversity Strategy")
.
.
" On the one hand, EU member states are required to assess whether their CAP plan is consistent with the requirements of the newly revised EU environmental and climate regulations, and adjustments are needed if necessary; on the other hand, the European Commission is required to evaluate the CAP strategic plan and EU environmental and climate regulations commitments (Especially the consistency and contribution of the EU 2030 goals set in the "Farm to Table Plan" and the "EU Biodiversity Strategy")
.
Stricter environmental protection requirements
The new CAP puts forward stricter environmental protection requirements for EU member states: First, it requires that the ecological plan must be included in the strategic plans of the EU member states, and a scoring system or other methods will be used to ensure the effectiveness of the ecological plan; the second is to introduce Climate tracking, a set of improved calculation methods will be proposed in the authorization bill to be implemented after 2025 to evaluate the contribution of CAP to climate change; third, all CAP beneficiaries must meet EU legal management requirements (SMRs), good agriculture and environment Specification (GAECs) requirements
.
.
In the current CAP, farmers can obtain "green" direct payments through measures such as crop diversification, maintaining permanent grasslands and ecological key areas.
The new CAP requires that only the most effective measures among the above measures can receive "green" direct payments
.
In particular, GAEC has higher requirements for soil protection, soil quality, biodiversity and landscape, including: first, farms of more than 10 hectares must be rotated, and non-production land (including fallow) must account for at least 4%; second, only When crop diversification helps protect the potential of the soil, direct payments for "green" can be obtained
.
The new CAP requires that only the most effective measures among the above measures can receive "green" direct payments
.
In particular, GAEC has higher requirements for soil protection, soil quality, biodiversity and landscape, including: first, farms of more than 10 hectares must be rotated, and non-production land (including fallow) must account for at least 4%; second, only When crop diversification helps protect the potential of the soil, direct payments for "green" can be obtained
.
More environmental funds
The CAP strategic plan integrates the two pillars of CAP, focusing funding and policy tools on the same environmental and climate goals
.
In the first pillar of market support, each member country must allocate at least 15% (previously 10%) and 5% of the support funds for the fruit, vegetable and wine industry to targets related to specific environmental and climate goals.
Requires new measures for this reform; in the first pillar of direct payment, each member country must use 25% of the direct payment for ecological plans to support organic agriculture, agro-ecological practices, precision agriculture, agroforestry systems or low-cost Carbon agriculture, etc.
, as well as the promotion of animal welfare, are also new measures for this reform
.
The second pillar of rural development funds requires at least 35% (previously 30%) to be used for agricultural environmental management commitments, Natura2000 plan payments and water resource framework directive payments, environmental and climate investment, and animal welfare
.
.
In the first pillar of market support, each member country must allocate at least 15% (previously 10%) and 5% of the support funds for the fruit, vegetable and wine industry to targets related to specific environmental and climate goals.
Requires new measures for this reform; in the first pillar of direct payment, each member country must use 25% of the direct payment for ecological plans to support organic agriculture, agro-ecological practices, precision agriculture, agroforestry systems or low-cost Carbon agriculture, etc.
, as well as the promotion of animal welfare, are also new measures for this reform
.
The second pillar of rural development funds requires at least 35% (previously 30%) to be used for agricultural environmental management commitments, Natura2000 plan payments and water resource framework directive payments, environmental and climate investment, and animal welfare
.
