A selection of Lancet Research Highlights, November 23, 2019

The degree of major surgery anesthesia and the one-year risk of deathDOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736 (19) 32315-3researchers recently conducted a randomized controlled study comparing the effects of light or deep anaesthetic on the overall mortality rate of 1 year in elderly patients who received major surgeryover 60 years of age, suffering from severe co-ills, surgery is expected to last more than 2 hours, patients are expected to stay in hospital for at least 2 days to participate in the study, randomly received mild general anaesthetic (BIS 50) or deep general anaesthetic (BIS 35)The main result of the study was one year of total mortality6644 patients, of whom 3316 in BIS 50 groups, 3328 in BIS 35 groups, 47.2 in BIS 50 and 38.8 in BIS 35The average arterial pressure in the BIS 50 group was 3.5mmHg, with a minimum concentration of 0.26 (30%) of the use of volatile anestheticsThe one-year mortality rate in group 50 bis was 6.5 per cent and in Group 35 of BIS 35 was 7.2 per centThe difference sharply between the groups was in categories 3 and level 4 adverse events, with the most common adverse events beinginfection,vascular diseases, heart disease, and tumors: Pembrolizumab for recurrent or metastatic head and neck squamous cell carcinoma
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736 (19) 32591-7PD-L1 monoantilate Pbrolizumab has better activity in head-neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC), and researchers recently published the results of Phase III clinical -048 882 patients involved in the study, of whom 301 received treatment for Pembrolizumab alone, 281 received Pembrolizumab chemotherapy and 300 received sitoximonoxamcine chemotherapy 754 (85%) CPS 1 or more, 381 (43%) more than 20 points The study found that for people above CPS20, the treatment of Pembrolizumab alone, compared with xitoxixaxon chemotherapy, the total survival of patients significantly improved (14.9 vs 10.7 months, HR,61), in CPS1 and above, the effect was also very significant (HR,0.78), but the effect of the whole population is lower (HR s 0.85) Pembrolizumab chemotherapy improved the total survival of all patients (13.0 vs 10.7 months, HR 0.77), and was more effective in people with CPS20 and 1 or above Neither Pembrolizumab single medicine nor Pembrolizumab chemotherapy improved the patient's progression-free survival The rates of adverse events of level 3 and above in the Pembrolizumab, Pembrolizumab chemotherapy and cytoxisimonoxonchemotherapy were 55%, 85% and 83%, respectively, and the mortality rate of adverse events was 8%, 12% and 10%, respectively 3 Durvalumab-platinum-endeveliendo-pre-type treatment of small cells lung cancer DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736 (19) 32222-6 most patients with broad small cells lung cancer (ES-SCLC) have poor prognosis, patients show better clinical outcomes in es-
patients In a recent CASPIAN study, researchers examined the effects of Durvalumab's combination or non-combination Tremelimumab, which is used to treat ES-SCLC with platinum-deveopine 268 patients received durvalumab-platinum-deveopine therapy and 269 patients received platinum-deveopine therapy The survival of patients in the group of immunization improved significantly, with an average survival of 13.0 months for HR-0.73, compared with 10.3 months for chemotherapy alone The survival rate was 34% for 13 months in the immune group and 25% in the chemotherapy group 62% of patients in the durvalumab group had adverse events of 3-4, 62% in the chemotherapy group, and had similar rates of fatal adverse events (5% vs 6%) treatment of F508del pure cystic fibrosis DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736 (19) 32597-8 cystic fibrosis transmembrane conduction regulator (CFTR) can correct CFTR mutation defects In patients with cystic fibrosis pure sins with The F508del mutation, the combination of CFTR regulators and enhancers can improve symptoms The researchers recently conducted a Phase III study to examine the efficacy of a new generation of CFTR regulators, Elexacaftor (VX-445), Tezacaftor and Ivacaftor, in patients with cystic fibrosis F508del pure heron mutations 107 patients participated in the study, of which 55 received three-group therapy and 52 received 2-group therapy After 4 weeks, the improvementofrs in Elexacaftor, Tezacaftor and Ivacaftor 3 were better than the 2-group changes in 1s-force breathing (LSM difference of 10%), potassium chloride concentration (LSM difference-45.1mmol/L) and CFQ-R RD score (LSM difference of 17.4 points) 3-cotherapy is well tolerated, no discontinuation events occur, most adverse events are minor, and the rate of serious adverse events is low (4% vs 2%) MedSci Source: MedSci Original Great Review: 136erSp (No Nickname) 2019-11-23 Review: very good research, learning (from: MedSci Medical APP )