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Phospholipases A
2
(PLA
2
) catalyze the hydrolysis of the ester bond at the sn-2 position of phospholipids to generate the lysophospholipid and free fatty acid (
1
). Several classes of PLA
2
s have been identified (
2
). They include the low molecular weight-secreted enzymes, which demonstrate a requirement for millimolar concentrations of Ca
2+
for full activity and are generally involved in the inflammatory response. The high molecular-weight, cytosolic PLA
2
s are activated by submicromolar calcium, have specificity for unsaturated fatty acids and arachidonic acid in particular (
3
,
4
). The arachidonic acid released can have many direct functions or can serve as a precursor in the formation of the numerous prostaglandin and leukotriene products (
5
). Thus, it is becoming increasingly clear that this latter class of enzymes are the principle regulators of arachidonic-acid release and therefore play an important role in signal transduction (
6
).
