2022CSH Professor Ma Jun: Inheriting the Century-old Torch, Innovating and Creating the Future: A Review and Prospect of the Development of Hematology in China

On September 23-25, 2022, the 17th National Hematology Academic Conference of the Chinese Medical Association was grandly opened
at the National Exhibition and Convention Center in Shanghai.
The conference was hosted by the Chinese Medical Association and the Hematology Branch of the Chinese Medical Association, hosted by the Shanghai Medical Association, co-organized by Ruijin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, and the Union Hospital Affiliated to Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, with the theme of "respect, inheritance, collaboration and innovation", specially invited famous experts at home and abroad to talk about the latest progress
in the field of blood diseases.
On this occasion, Professor Ma Jun of Harbin Institute of Hematology and Oncology specially invited Professor Ma Jun of Harbin Hematology and Oncology Institute to explain the development process of China's hematological oncology field and the opportunities and challenges
of China's new drug innovation drug research and development.

Medical Pulse Pass: For decades, under the long journey of countless medical predecessors who continue to study tumors and seek up and down, the continuous innovation of medical technology and the rapid development of drug research and development in the world have made human beings no longer helpless
in the face of tumors as in the past.
First of all, can you review the development process of hematological lymphoma treatment in China in recent decades, and what are the earth-shaking changes?

Chinese hematology has a history of 107 years, as early as 1915, the medical experts of the Rockefeller Group in the United States first discovered pernicious anemia in China, which was also the first blood system disease
reported in China.
Subsequently, Peking Union Medical College Hospital was established to open a general internal medicine department and set up a hematology doctor
.
In 1938, Professor Wu Huanxing and Professor Jin Xianzhai founded the Zhongbi Radium Ingot Treatment Hospital, the predecessor of the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Fudan University, in Shanghai, which was the first radiation institute
in China to treat hematological tumors.
By 1942, some hospitals in Beijing and Shanghai had established hematology departments and set up a small number of beds
.
In 1958, under the initiative of Premier Zhou and led by Professor Deng Jiadong, the founder of Chinese hematology, the first Institute of Blood Transfusion and Hematology in China, namely the Institute of Hematology of the Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, was established
.
Subsequently, hematological research institutes
were also established in Beijing, Shanghai, Suzhou, Hangzhou, Fuzhou, Harbin and other places.

In the past 50 years, the development of hematology in China has been very rapid
.
The success of arsenic acid in the treatment of leukemia has been recognized by
the world hematology community.
Arsenic acid is extracted by Han Taiyun, a pharmacist of the First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, through traditional Chinese medicine, and has become the global gold standard for the treatment of acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL), which greatly improves the clinical efficacy of APL and makes the clinical cure rate of patients reach 92%.

In addition, the "Beijing solution" invented by Academician Lu Daopei and Professor Huang Xiaojun - semi-combined hematopoietic stem cell transplantation has enabled more leukemia patients to obtain transplantation opportunities
.
Academician Wang Zhenyi pioneered the all-trans retinoic acid induced differentiation therapy APL, which created a world precedent
.

The vigorous development of Chinese hematology has made more and more contributions to the treatment of blood diseases in the world and has stood at the forefront of
the world.
But in general, we are still a developing country, on the basis of inheriting the legacy of the older generation of tumors and hematologists, we also need to continuously learn from the advanced experience of the world, shorten the gap between them and advanced countries, and through the inheritance and efforts of generations of hematology experts, make China's hematology diagnosis and treatment reach the world's advanced level
.

In recent years, new treatment methods, especially represented by targeted and immunotherapy, have pushed the treatment of hematological tumors to a new climax, and Healthy China 2030 has also put forward higher requirements
for medical workers.
As a leader in the field of hematology and oncology, could you please talk about your vision for the future treatment of hematological tumors and what are your words for young and middle-aged doctors in the field of hematology oncology?

Back a few decades ago, hematology in China was a very backward discipline
.
After the founding of the People's Republic of China, with the help of the party and the government, under the leadership of the older generation of hematologists, we have gradually established the hematology specialty, lymphoma specialty and oncology specialty, and the development of China's hematology field has been "all the way to the song"
.
Even the late-starter lymphoma subspecialty has grown from less than 200 beds in the country 30 years ago to nearly 5,000 beds across the country
.

The achievements in the field of hematology in China are the joint efforts of three generations of hematatologists in the old, middle and young generations
.
I was the first batch of overseas students sent by the country after the reform and opening up, not only to learn the advanced technology of foreign countries, but also to learn the concept of curing diseases, immediately after returning to China, I prepared to build the Harbin Blood Research Institute
, in the face of the poor and white scientific research environment in China at that time, we overcame many difficulties to carry out research, and promoted the prevention and treatment of blood diseases in China.
Now, the blood field doctors have developed to the fifth generation, and I have the privilege of witnessing the style of the first generation to the fifth generation of blood doctors throughout the process
.

I hope that the new generation of young doctors can inherit the fine tradition of the older generation of hardworking, serious, sincere and kind, on the basis of which we must have the determination to truly serve patients, closely focus on all patient-centered purposes, people first, life first, nothing can exceed the patient's life, this needs to be remembered
.
At present, it is an era of innovation, and I also hope that young doctors will continue to absorb advanced experience at home and abroad, work hard, learn and innovate, what patients need, we will study, and continue to advance
to the goal of improving disease-free survival of hematological tumors by 15% by 2030.

Inheritance is the foundation of the development of China's oncology community, and innovation is the first driving force leading
China's medical care to the world.
As a doctor, in order for patients to live longer, live better, and even achieve clinical cure, we have to strive for a lifetime of service for patients
.

Medical Pulse Communication: Today, the 17th National Hematology Academic Conference of the Chinese Medical Association has been grandly opened, and well-known experts and scholars at home and abroad have talked about the latest progress
in the field of blood diseases.
Looking at the development of hematological tumors around the world, China's research progress is rapid, but there is still a certain gap with developed countries in Europe and the United States, what are your views and suggestions on the clinical application and research and development status of new drugs in China?

In recent years, China's ability to develop innovative anti-tumor drugs has been continuously enhanced, we have gone through the difficult process from scratch, from imitation to innovation, and gradually from the past generic drugs to the era of Me-too/Me-better, First-in-class, has entered the second echelon of the world, but compared with the first innovation country of the United States, we are still very different
.
In Europe and the United States and other countries lymphoma 5-year disease-free survival rate can reach 72%, China is currently only in the north, Shanghai and Guangzhou and other relatively developed areas can reach more than 60%, while the national average 5-year disease-free survival rate is only 37.
6%.

From 2005 to the present, there are less than 10 anti-tumor innovative drugs in China, and Me-too drugs are the mainstay
.
Therefore, the research and development of innovative anti-tumor drugs in China is facing great challenges, and there are three aspects that need to be improved:

First, pharmaceutical companies need to continue to increase investment in research and development, China's pharmaceutical companies often invest in research and development accounted for about 5% of the proportion of operating income, while the proportion of European and American countries is 10%-20%.

Second, the innovation team focuses on the drug research and development of the first-in-class, and there are still very few products that really belong to the first-in-class in the current domestic research drugs, which are often drugs
that change the structure.
Innovation is the core driving force, we must learn from the developed countries from the source of innovation, research and development of truly valuable first-in-class innovative drugs, whether it takes 10 years, 20 years or longer, only in this way, China can enter the ranks of
international innovative countries.

Third, promote the construction of clinical R&D teams, hoping that hospitals and institutions with international advanced levels can establish effective early clinical R&D cooperation mechanisms and models
.
MD Anderson Cancer Center has as many as 130 international top clinical R&D teams, while our country's top clinical cancer R&D team does not exceed 30
.

We have indeed achieved exciting things in the field of blood, but at the same time we must be soberly aware of our shortcomings
.
China is facing severe challenges in international competition in the field of drug research and development, and strengthening independent innovation is a top priority
.
Only innovation has a future, we can continue to shorten the gap with developed countries, and finally catch up with the footsteps of developed countries, and tumors have the possibility
of cure.
If China wants to follow its own path of innovative drug research and development, Chinese health needs to be firmly grasped by Chinese in its own hands
.
We also look forward to the early arrival of the harvest season of innovative drugs, so that Chinese patients can live longer and achieve higher clinical cures, which is also our goal
as doctors.
"

Professor Ma Jun

• Chief physician, professor, doctoral supervisor

• Director of Harbin Institute of Hematology and Oncology

• Chairman of the Supervisory Board of the Chinese Society of Clinical Oncology (CSCO).
  

• Vice Chairman of the Asian Society of Clinical Oncology

• Chairman of the Leukemia Expert Committee of the Chinese Society of Clinical Oncology

• Leader of the expert group of lymphoma specialty construction project of the National Health Commission Capacity Building and Continuing Education Center

• Honorary Consultant of Nursing Group of Lymphoma Expert Committee of Chinese Society of Clinical Oncology

• In 1979, he went to the Faculty of Medicine, the University of Tokyo, Japan, and has been committed to the diagnosis and treatment of benign and malignant diseases of the blood system, especially in the treatment of leukemia and lymphoma

• In 1982, the in vitro pluripotent hematopoietic progenitor cell culture system was first established in China to fill the domestic gap

• Since 1983, more than 1,200 cases of acute promyelocytic leukemia have been treated with retinoic acid and arsenic trioxide sequential therapy, with a 10-year disease-free survival rate of 85%, reaching the international advanced level

• He has published more than 200 papers and more than 40 monographs in domestic and foreign journals, and won 20 national, provincial and municipal science and technology awards
  .
  He has undertaken 8 major national 863 scientific research projects and 25 provincial and municipal scientific research projects

Poke "Read the original article" and go to the micro-official website to get more meeting information