2019 Major breakthroughs in the development of new drugs in my mind

By the end of the year, i should summarize the major breakthroughs in the development of new drugs in my mind in 2019Of course, this only represents my personal point of view, and it may also be summarized in a less comprehensive light for your reference1Ebola virus vaccine and medicine
Ebola virus infection caused by the Ebola haemorrhagic fever is very severe, the body tissue is liquefy, resulting in extensive bleeding, patients will vomit blood, seven tips bleeding, pores bleeding ..Then diedThe disease is highly contagious, rapid and high mortality, often resulting in the extinction of the entire village population2019, the Zaire-type Ebola virus vaccine in Messadong, which has a strong protective effect and has been given to more than 200,000 people in the Democratic Republic of congo, will be approved in Europe and the United StatesBut the vaccine is only for the Zaire-type Ebola virus, which has caused a large number of deathsAs a result, several other vaccines are still being developed with a view to achieving the goal of fully preventing the Ebola virusChina approved a vaccine for the Ebola virus developed by a domestic research institute and company in 2017, but there have been no large-scale vaccinationcases in Africain addition to vaccines,, regenerative elements of three monoantigen-mixed REGN-EB3 and Ridgeback's monoantigen mAb114 have also been shown to significantly reduce post-Ebola infection mortality, a major breakthrough in the treatment of the diseasethe development of Ebola virus vaccines and drugs reflects the good side of the industry: since the disease is found only in the world's least developed countries, the development of drugs is unprofitable and has nothing to do with public health in developed countriesBut research institutions and pharmaceutical companies in the public health sector in developed countries have joined forces to address this dangerous disease, removing significant risks for those least developed countriesNovartis cures spinal muscular dystrophy (SMA) gene therapy Zolgensmacure (note "cure") a disease that is always exciting, especially since it is a disease caused by a genetic defect and usually kills patients within 2 years of agethe success of the therapy also demonstrates the success of adeno-related viral vectors (AAVs) that can deliver normal genes into human cells to cure diseases caused by genetic defectsThe future of this technology is not limited to curing spinal muscular dystrophy (SMA)however, Novartis is pricing in the treatment at rmb15m - raising the question: how much should a person pay for a normal life instead of dying before the age of two? This is not only an economic issue, but also an ethical one3Amgen's KRAS G12C inhibitor AMG 510in the early 1980s, the RAS gene was identified as the first culprit in human cancer, but raS target inhibitors were delayed because of the smooth structure of RAS proteins, the lack of hydrophobic pockets that can be combined with small molecules, and therefore long considered "incurable"AMG510 works by binding to hidden grooves on the surface of the KRAS protein, which can be irreversibly combined with cysteine on the mutated KRAS protein, thus putting KRAS into inactivationthis breakthrough opens the door to the development of RAS inhibitors, KRASG12D inhibitors are nearing usHowever, AMG 510 may have problems with rapid drug resistance that need to be addressed urgentlythis breakthrough also illustrates the difficulties of new drug development, which took nearly 40 years from the confirmation of the principle to the development of new drugs4The first triple DS-8201 end-line treatment of HER2-positive breast cancerDecember 2019, the FDA approved the first triple-triple HER2 antibody conjugate drug DS-8201 in just two months, for the reason that the drug is of course extremely effectivein patients who received an average of six treatments but failed HER2-positive breast cancer (100% of patients had used qutoberidad, 100% of patients had used T-DM1, 65.8% of patients had used patozumab, 54.3% had used other anti-HER2 therapy, 48.9% had used hormone therapy, and 99.5% had used other system therapyIn other words, these patients were almost drug-free, with an objective remission rate of 61%, of which 11 patients responded completely; Even patients with low expression of HER2 can benefitDS-8201's breakthrough toxin selection, connectivity design, "drug-to-Antibody Ratio" and the use of the "bystander effect" may be why it's so amazing However, the drug has a high risk of interstitial pneumonia and deserves the close attention of clinicians In addition, DS-8201 is such a stunning result in end-line therapy, and it is important to distinguish between the data obtained by some other ADCs in clinical trials of second-line therapy and DS-8201 It's worth noting that the FDA approved three ADC drugs in 2019, and will ADCs have another spring? 5 Roche's PD-L1 Tecentriq co-treatment of non-reprecision of liver cancer with bevalzumab is one of the largest cancer types in the country, with 400,000 to 500,000 people suffering from liver cancer each year, and the late detection is widely found at a high rate of unsurgical removal Hepatitis B, alcohol consumption and unhealthy diet are the main reasons why the incidence of liver cancer in China is higher than the world average Sorafini, which went on sale in 2007, is a classic first-line drug for the treatment of non-reprecable hepatocellular carcinoma, and more than a decade later in 2018 it will have the same indication son, but in the overall lifetime of the main research end, lunvantini is only "not inferior" to Sorafeni in tecentriq and Avastin vs Sorafeni treatment of non-reprecision hepatocellular carcinoma patients without systematic treatment, the total survival is expected to have a significant advantage (not yet reached vs 13.2 months), the risk of death reduced by 42% (HR -0.58; 95% CI: 0.42 to 0.79; P-0.0006) there are follow-ups in China At present, Sinda Bio and Fuhong Hanqi PD-1 joint treatment of non-reprehensible hepatocellular carcinoma Phase III clinical trials are under way, in the recruitment phase We look forward to seeing good results 6 AstraZeneca announced the final results of Oxitini's FLAURA study
non-small cell lung cancer is the largest cancer category, with more than 700,000 cases of non-small cell lung cancer in the country each year, more than half of whom are EGFR-positive Ositini's EGFR-positive first-line treatment for non-small cell lung cancer is no longer news, as evidenced by the results of AstraZeneca's announcement of the total survival of the FLAURA trial The median OS in the Oxitinib treatment group was 38.6 months (95% CI: 34.5 to 41.8) and the control group (using giffeitinib or ellotini on the first line) was 31.8 months (95% CI: 26.6 to 36.0), with significant differences (HR:0.799; 95% CI: CI.641-097; P-0.0462) particularly noteworthy, the number of people crossed into the Control Group to the Oxitinib treatment group accounted for 47 per cent of all progress in the control group and 31 per cent of the total effective entry group in the control group This represents what the "generational sequence of three generations" can achieve in the real world The proportion of cross-cutting in this experiment is quite high, and in the real world, it is difficult to reach the proportion of three generations after a generation of treatment failure In other words, in the real world, the data for "one generation sequence three generations" are estimated to be weaker than those in this trial Therefore, there is no need to pay too much attention to the results of asian Asian groups, not only because the subgroup analysis itself is generally less reliable, but also because cross-proportions may differ significantly from the real world after good results from Oxitinib, future research in this area will focus more on patient backline treatment options 7 RNAi is entering the "Big" world two new RNAi drugs, Onpattro (patisiran) and givlaari (givosiran), have been approved for use in 2018 and 2019 to treat genetic ATTR (hATTR) amyloid adult serotonin patients in stage 1 or 2 multiple, adult liver acute rickets (acute rickets) (acute poripora, AHP) Although these two indications are small, they also validate the success of RNAi In November 2019, Novartis's acquisition of U.S drugmaker The Pharmaceuticals Company for about $9.7 billion shocked the market, apparently to acquire its potential heavyweight product, Inclisiran, a long-lasting PCSK9 inhibitor PCKS9 inhibitors are no longer news, and two single-resistant ones are on the market: Amgen's Evopatha and Sanofi's Praluent Inclisiran only needs to be injected underthes twice a year than the two monoantigens every two weeks or monthly subcutaneous injections Not only that, Inclisiran can be chemically synthesized to make the production process more simple If Inclisiran is successful, it means RNAi technology has been validated on major diseases and is expected to continue to expand into new areas 8 The presents the dawn regenerative element symmer and Roche's CD3 x CD20 double anti-REGN1979 and RG7828 both disclosed early clinical data, in diffuse large B cell lymphoma (DLBCL), lifsicy lymphoma (FL) and a range of indications were obtained good data, including a high proportion of full response In the patients recruited, even those who failed after CAR-T treatment, in these patients, CD3x CD20 double resistance also received a certain percentage of the response or even a complete response there are currently three approved double resistances worldwide, the first CD3 x EpCAM double-resistant Catumaxomab has been delisted due to poor sales, and Blinatumomab (target CD3 and CD19) and Emicizumab (target ingagulation factor X and factor IXa) are still on sale CD3 x CD20 and CD3 x CD19 are both double resistances of type a in the figure above We also look forward to seeing progress in research on other types of biantigens and benefit patients 9 Dagrenet significantly reduces the risk of cardiovascular death and deterioration of heart failure
Dagrenet is an SGLT2 inhibitor and a common drug in the field of diabetes In a clinical trial code-named DAPA-HF, AstraZeneca demonstrated that The Bulgari net significantly reduces the risk of cardiovascular death and deterioration of heart failure by recruiting up to 4,744 patients with left ventricular hemorrhage deficiency heart failure (HFrEF), whether or not these patients are associated with diabetes in addition to Daglenet, another SGLT2 inhibitor, Englinet, has a similar clinical trial under way heart failure is a common mass disease with a complex mechanism of about 64 million people worldwide, but there are few drugs available to treat the disease, and only Novartis's Entresto (Shakuba satane sodium) was approved for the market in 2015, essentially a antihypertensive drug SGLT2 inhibitors have been shown to be effective in patients with heart failure, providing a new option for patients with heart failure 10 Anti-CD47 mono-anti-Magrolimab early clinical data are beginning to dawn abnormal cells escape the immune system by expressing the "don't eat me" signal CD47 Anti-CD47 monoantigen can block the "don't eat me" signal, thus bringing anti-tumor effect However, because CD47 is widely distributed in various cells of the human body, especially in red blood cells and platelets have a high level of expression, so that targeted CD47 antibody drugs will cause severe hemolytic anemia Forty Seven solved this problem by trying out a new path, first adapting patients with a lower dose of anti-CD47 monoantigen, and then increasing the dose to reach full saturation (about 100%) of the CD47 receptor In this disclosure, only one patient (1/62 x 1.6%) was discontinued due to side effects domestic pharmaceutical companies to follow up CD47 target enterprises have a lot, including Cinda Biology, Skyfall Biology, Hengrui Medicine and so on Cinda Bio also designed the PD-L1/CD47 double anti-IBI-322, the declaration of clinical acceptance, we look forward to seeing the development of this interesting variety progress.